Toussaint's Early Life
Where was Toussaint born?
Saint Domingue (Haiti)
What year did Haiti receive their independence?
1804
What did Toussaint do to improve Haiti’s economy?
Restarted plantations with paid labor
What was Mama Tingo’s real name?
Florinda Muñoz Soriano
What is one similarity between Mama Tingo and Toussaint?
Both fought injustice / led people
What did Toussaint learn from his father about himself?
That he had dignity, intelligence, and came from Africa
What caused enslaved people in Haiti to revolt in 1791?
France took back rights / betrayal
What Leadership quality Toussaint and Mama Tingo needed to fight for freedom?
Resilience
What country was Mama Tingo from?
Dominican Republic
What type of people did both leaders fight for?
Oppressed / poor / marginalized people
What important skill did Toussaint teach himself?
Reading and writing
Which army Toussaint was fighting to retrieve freedom?
The French
Which countries did Toussaint trade with after the 1791 war?
United Kingdom & United States
What problem did Mama Tingo and her community face?
They faced Rich landowners taking over their land
How did both leaders show courage?
They stood up against powerful systems despite danger (risk)
What was Toussaint’s status at birth?
Enslaved
What disease weakened the French army?
Yellow Fever
What did Mama Tingo do to fight back?
Organized farmers and protested
Which leader do you think had a greater impact—and why?
(Student answers—must use evidence)
Who declared Haiti’s independence after Toussaint’s death?
Jean-Jacques Dessalines