Important Figures
Which British orphan became a Founding Father?
Alexander Hamilton
What happened in 1649?
In 1649, the victorious Parliamentarians sentenced Charles I to death.
How many Acts were put into place by the British?
7 Stamp Act, Sugar Act, Quebec Act, Quartering Act, Massachusetts Government Act, Administration of Justice Act, Boston Port Act
What was the main thing heard about when it comes to what peasants couldn't afford during the revolution?
Bread
What was the aim of all the revolutions?
To overthrow the tyrannical monarchy
Who was Jean-Jacques Rousseau and how did he contribute to the French Revolution?
Jean-Jacques Rousseau was a philosopher during the French Revolution, and his works inspired many of the revolutionaries of the time. Specifically, his works and ideas, The Social Contract and General Will inspired many people in France at the time, as they spoke of democracy over absolute monarchs and of everyone having the same rights, without social classes.
How many people died during the revolution?
The human cost of the wars was devastating. Up to 200,000 people lost their lives, or 4.5% of the population. This was as great a loss, proportionally, as during the First World War.
When was the independence of the United States formally recognised by Britian?
During the Treaties of Paris (1782-1783)
What years-long event caused the French government to almost go bankrupt, causing King Louis XVI to summon the Estates-General, setting in motion the revolution?
The American Revolution - King Louis XVI supported the American colonists by offering military and financial support but this was a costly decision.
What level of the hierarchy was the King apart of?
The king was deemed above the hierarchy in France and Britain
What was Oliver Cromwell's title when he was dictator of England?
Lord Protector
Who won the civil war?
the forces of Parliament, led by Oliver Cromwell.
How much was the tea that was thrown into the Boston harbour worth?
£9,659 ($1,700,000 dollars in today's money)
The French National Day celebrates what event during the revolution?
Bastilles Day is the French National Day, and it is on the 14th of July, celebrating the day at the beginning of the French Revolution when they stormed a prison called the Bastille.
What was the famous motto of the American colonists?
Taxation without representation
Marquis de Lafayette, a participant in the American and the French Revolution, led the Paris National Guard to Versailles, but when a group of protestors tried to invade Marie Antoinette’s chambers, where was he?
He was sleeping in his grandfather’s house/estate - this ruined his reputation
What is ship money?
ship money, in British history, a nonparliamentary tax first levied in medieval times by the English crown on coastal cities and counties for naval defense in time of war. It required those being taxed to furnish a certain number of warships or to pay the ships' equivalent in money.
Name one of the 27 grievances
1. "He has refused his Assent to Laws, the most wholesome and necessary for the public good."2. "He has forbidden his Governors to pass Laws of immediate and pressing importance unless suspended in their operation till his Assent should be obtained; and when so suspended, he has utterly neglected to attend to them."3."He has refused to pass other Laws for the accommodation of large districts of people unless those people would relinquish the right of Representation in the Legislature, a right inestimable to them and formidable to tyrants only."4."He has called together legislative bodies at places unusual, and also uncomfortable, and distant from the depository of their Public Records, for the sole purpose of fatiguing them into compliance with his measures."5."He has dissolved Representative Houses repeatedly, for opposing with manly firmness his invasions on the rights of the people."6.He has refused for a long time, after such Dissolutions, to cause others to be elected; whereby the Legislative Powers, incapable of Annihilation, have returned to the People at large for their exercise; the State remaining, in the meantime, exposed to all the Dangers of Invasion from without, and convulsions within."7."He has endeavored to prevent the population of these States; for that purpose obstructing the Laws for Naturalization of Foreigners; refusing to pass others to encourage their migrations hither, and raising the conditions of new Appropriations of Lands."8."He has obstructed the Administration of Justice by refusing his Assent to Laws for establishing Judiciary Powers."9."He has made Judges dependent on his Will alone for the tenure of their offices, and the amount and payment of their salaries."10."He has erected a multitude of New Offices, and sent hither swarms of Officers to harass our people and eat out their substance."11."He has kept among us, in times of peace, Standing Armies without the Consent of our legislatures."12."He has affected to render the Military independent of and superior to the Civil Power."13."He has combined with others to subject us to a jurisdiction foreign to our constitution, and unacknowledged by our laws; giving his Assent to their Acts of pretended Legislation:"14."For quartering large bodies of armed troops among us:"15. "For protecting them, by a mock Trial from punishment for any Murders which they should commit on the Inhabitants of these States:"16.
"For cutting off our Trade with all parts of the world". 17."For imposing taxes on us without our consent:" 18.
"For depriving us in many cases, of the benefit of Jury trial:" 19."For transporting us beyond Seas to be tried for pretended offenses:" 20.
"For abolishing the free System of English Laws in a neighboring Province, establishing therein an Arbitrary government, and enlarging its Boundaries to render it at once an example and fit instrument for introducing the same absolute rule into these Colonies:" 21.
"For taking away our Charters, abolishing our most valuable Laws and altering fundamentally the Forms of our Governments:" 22."For suspending our own Legislatures, and declaring themselves invested with power to legislate for us in all cases whatsoever". 23.
"He has abdicated Government here, by declaring us out of his Protection and waging War against us." 24.
"He has plundered our seas, ravaged our coasts, burnt our towns, and destroyed the lives of our people." 25.
"He is at this time transporting large Armies of foreign Mercenaries to complete the works of death, desolation, and tyranny, already begun with circumstances of Cruelty & Perfidy scarcely paralleled in the most barbarous ages, and unworthy the Head of a civilized nation." 26."He has constrained our fellow Citizens taken Captive on the high Seas to bear Arms against their Country, to become the executioners of their friends and Brethren, or to fall themselves by their Hands."27."He has excited domestic insurrections amongst us, and has endeavored to bring on the inhabitants of our frontiers, the merciless Indian Savages whose known rule of warfare, is an undistinguished destruction of all ages, sexes, and conditions."
Although Madame Elizabeth, King Louis the 16th's sister was known for her courage due to her staying with her brother and sister-in-law during the revolution, why wasn't this enough to help her avoid execution?
Because the had a very conservative outlook - she often advised her brother to take the more traditional path and was a firm believer in the absolute monarchy.
Which religion was viewed as bad by Charles the 1st, and which was viewed as good?
Catholic was bad, and Protestant was good.
Who was the last Stuart king of England?
James the sixth
What happened to Charles the first when his father became king and his family moved to London?
He was left behind
What song about the revolution is says the quote "I will send a fully armed battalion to remind you with my love!"
You'll Be Back, from the perspective of George III
What was Louis the 16th's title after the monarchy was abolished?
Citizen Louis Capet
What type of revolution did Karl Marx describe these revolutions as in his work?
A bourgeois revolution