Age of Enlightenment
French Revolution
Haitian Revolution
Latin Revolutions
German Unification
100
What was the Enlightenment?
The Enlightenment was an 18th-century European and North American intellectual and cultural movement that emphasized reason, individualism, and skepticism over tradition and authority.
100
What is the difference between an absolute monarchy and a constitutional monarchy?
Constitutional Monarchy places limits on a king's power
100
How did France profit from Saint Domingue?
Sugar plantations
100
Which two countries owned most of Central and South America?
Spain and Portugal
100
What is Nationalism?
identification with one's own nation and support for its interests, especially to the exclusion or detriment of the interests of other nations.
200
Who was John Locke?
Came up with the idea that governments must have the consent of the governed
Believed in Natural Rights (Life, Liberty, Happiness)
200
What were the three classes of France?
1st Estate: Clergy
2nd Estate: Nobility
3rd Estate: Commoners
200
What were the people of Saint Domingue fighting for?
Freedom from France, African Run Government, abolition of slavery
200
What were the classes in Latin America? (5 total, two at top most important for correct answer)
Peninsulares (Born in Spain/Portugal)
Creoles (Born in the colonies)
Mixed Race Groups
Indigenous People
Slaves
200
Which German state wanted to unify the rest?
The Prussian Empire
300
Define the Social Contract
A social contract is a hypothetical agreement among individuals to establish a society and a government, defining the rights and duties of both the citizens and the rulers.
300
Why was France in a Financial Crisis?
War Debt, Royal Spending, Unfair Tax System, Poor Harvest
300
What was the class system of Saint Domingue?
1. Grand Blancs (Rich Whites)
2. Petit Blanc (Poor Whites)
3. Free People of Color
4. Slaves
300
How were these revolutions inspired by the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
The French document, which established fundamental rights like liberty and property, inspired revolutionaries across the Atlantic who were seeking to overthrow colonial rule and establish self-governance.
300
What is a defensive pact
An agreement between two countries to defend one another if they are attacked.
400
How did the Enlightenment influence the actions of the Atlantic Revolutions?
The Enlightenment provided the intellectual foundation for the Atlantic Revolutions by popularizing ideas of liberty, natural rights, and popular sovereignty, which inspired revolutionaries to challenge monarchies and aristocracy.
400
What was the purpose behind the Declaration of the Rights of Man?
The overall purpose of the Declaration of the Rights of Man was to establish a new foundation for government based on the principles of individual liberty, equality, and national sovereignty.
400
What happened to Toussaint Louverture?
Surrendered to the French, and died in captivity
400
What were the Latin revolutionaries fighting for?
People in Latin American revolutions fought for independence from European colonial rule, seeking to end high taxes, oppressive working conditions, and political control.
400
How did Prussia trick France into war?
Sent a letter that seemed rude in French, but respectful in German. France declared war, and became the aggressor
500
Define General Will
The "general will" is the collective will of a community that prioritizes the common good over individual self-interest.
500
Why did the French storm the Bastille?
The French stormed the Bastille on July 14, 1789, to get weapons and gunpowder, fueled by fears of a royal military crackdown and the dismissal of a popular finance minister. The fortress also symbolized the monarchy's tyrannical power, and its fall was a pivotal moment in the French Revolution.
500
Was the Haitian Revolution successful?
Yes, slavery gone, and France replaced. Economic ruin came however, as there were few who would work the fields
500
Were the Latin Revolutions successful?
achieved independence but failed to create a unified government, instead becoming many countries
500
Who is this guy
Otto von Bismarck
Chancellor to Prussia