French Revolution
During the French Revolution, there were three classes. What were these classes called AND who made up each one?
Estates
First - clergy
Second - nobles, military leaders
Third - majority of population, middle class, poor, etc.
What was the oath that was signed in which the Third Estate essentially said they were standing up to the First and Second Estates?
Tennis Court Oath
The different Enlightenment thinkers of this time period were all referred to as...
Philosophes
What was the geocentric theory, and who was the person that opposed it first?
Earth is the center of the universe
Copernicus
What was the time period during the French Revolution in which executions were extremely common. What was the tool they used in these executions?
Reign of Terror
Guillotine
What was the name of the group of people that left France because they said "their liberties were being stolen"
Emigres
Enlightenment thinker who wrote Leviathan, and argued that people needed to enter into a social contract
Thomas Hobbes
What is the heliocentric theory?
Who is the person that supported this theory and who created the telescope?
Sun is at the center of the universe
Galileo
What is another name of the middle class during the French Revolution?
Bourgeoisie
What is the document in which the French modeled after the Declaration of Independence, and had rights included such as "all men are born free and equal", and "liberty, property, and security".
Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen
Enlightenment thinker who believed people had the natural rights of life, liberty, and property. Also wrote the Two Treatises of Government and went against divine right.
John Locke
Who are the two main people associated with the Protestant Reformation? (Last names are fine)
Martin Luther
John Calvin
Why did the French Revolution occur?
Wages cut
Unfair taxation
No representation for the third estate
Who were the radical Republicans led by Robespierre who also were the main operators of the guillotines?
Jacobins
Wrote the Wealth of Nations and argued about free market and the economy
Adam Smith
What is the piece of writing that Martin Luther created?
95 Thesis
Describe how the Estates General changed after they reformed (Hint: think about the votes)
Went from one vote per estate to vote by population
The Committee of Public Safety dealt with the threats to France and also issued this tax that required all citizens to contribute to the war effort.
Mass levy tax
Enlightenment thinker that thought the best way to have an effective government would be to have separation of powers and checks and balances
Baron de Montesquieu
What essentially, was the 95 Thesis?
A list of grievances against the Catholic church detailing all of their wrong doings