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B
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E
100
An era of questioning of the catholic church about key questions of salvation, authority, and hierarchy led by Martin Luther. Eventually this led to the formation of new break off churches based on the teachings of Luther and others.
The Protestant Reformation
100
What invention lead to the spread of ideas and a growth in literacy throughout europe?
The Printing Press
100
A big change or disruption
Revolution
100
A set of beliefs
Ideology
100
People give government legitimacy, the right to rule, and if they are not happy with it, they can replace it.
Popular sovereignty
200
When a nation, a group of people with shared culture and history, is also a country.
Nation State
200
Why did enlightenment thinkers believe that everyone was equal to one another?
We are all born as ignorant babies
200
What was the biggest achievement of the Haitian Revolution?
Ending Slavery
200
Haiti
200
Spanish Empire
300
Why did Spanish colonies in the Americas choose to rebel during the Napoleonic wars?
Spain was occupied by France
300
a high-ranking social class, having special privileges and influence and usually determined by heredity
Aristocracy
300
What is the general purpose of government according to enlightenment thinkers like Rousseau and Locke?
To provide security while expanding freedoms to include many things we could not have alone.
300
What is empiricism?
The belief that knowledge can only come from sensed experience
300
What enlightenment reforms did Napoleon spread across Europe?
He spread the napoleonic codes that granted more rights: freedom of religion, equal tax code, right to a trial by jury, etc
400
What is Popular Sovereignty? How was it different than previous justifications for power?
Before: Gods gave me the right to be Emperor
After: The people give government the right to rule and can take that right away
400
What is Nationalism?
The idea that only a people with commonalities can legitimately form a government.
400
What reforms did enlightenment thinkers want to make to society?
Democracy, end slavery, expanded rights for women, freedom of religion, free markets, equal political and economic rights regardless of class, etc
400
What is Deism?
Belief that God made the world as a self running machine then left
400
How were some enlightenment thinkers perhaps hypocritical?
Some believed that equality only applied to european men
500
What events events led to the big changes such as the scientific revolution, the reformation, and the enlightenment? Name at least 2...
Little Ice Age, Expanded trade and exchange of innovations under the Mongols, the crusades, The black plague, the fall of Constantinople
500
How did people's thinking change as a result of the scientific revolution? (there were 3 big changes we addressed in our notes)
Skepticism of Authority, Empiricism, Universal laws
500
What is the scientific method? How was it different than how europeans arrived at accepted truths about nature before?
Before: show that authorities agree with you or use logic alone to reason out how nature works in your head
After: Use observations and experiments to test your ideas, collect data and change your ideas to match how nature actually works
500
Which 4 revolutions were inspired by the enlightenment?
American, French, Haitian, Latin
500
Why was the King of France killed?
He tried to escape to Austria