Definitions of Rhetoric
"Rhetoric is the art of winning the soul by discourse."
Plato/Socrates
Who is capable of doing rhetorical critcism
Anyone; criticism, like rhetoric, is pervasive and ordinary
A criticism of a speech text that largely focuses on the use of empathetic, sympathetic, and emotional language is mainly focusing on
The appeal to pathos
Ethos is one of these. What are they called and what are the others?
Rhetorical/Artistic proofs. Pathos and Logos.
The Greek word "methodos" means
Pusuit of knowledge; investigation
"Rhetoric is the faculty of discovering in any particular case all the available means of persuasion."
Aristotle
According to Derrida, meaning is...
Elusive and always deffered
To say someone is "The light of your life" is an application of
Metaphor
When doing a terministic analysis, what becomes the focus of your criticism
Text; words; terms
A way of thinking that allows us to understand one concept, such as an argument, in terms of another, such as war
Metaphor
"Rhetoric is the manipulation of people's beliefs for political ends."
Kenneth Burke
According to Adorno, what does good criticism look like?
Meandering; challenging cultural norms; not totally coherent; does not follow a "scientific method"; allows us to see things in a new way
A speech that praises someone who has died, but then uses their memory to encourage people to do something in the future falls under which of Aristotle's categories of speech?
Ceremonial/epideictic and political/deliberative
A more static and structured kind of speech with given constraints and risks
Genre
Who claims that rhetoric "suggests possibilities" and "issues invitations?"
Zarefsky
"Rhetoric is a mode of altering reality, not by the direct application of energy to objects, but by the creation of discourse which changes reality through the mediation of thought and action." (Hint: He also conceived the rhetorical situation)
Lloyd Bitzer
How criticism helps you respond to voices of authority
equipped with critical thinking skills; able to articulate informed opinions and perspectives; provides skills to contextualize and respond to information
State of the Union addresses, commencement speeches, and eulogies are just a few kinds of ____________
Genres
He theorized that defintions name and frame situations
Zarefsky
The three functions of a terministic screen?
Reflect reality (mirrors)
Select emphasis (narrows)
Deflect alternatives (obscures)
"Rhetoric is an instrumental use of language...its specific goal is to influence human choices on specific matters that require immediate attention."
Gerard Hauser
The relationship of criticism to critical thinking
Criticism should spark critical thinking and is also the product of critical thinking
What critcism could you offer on remote work in the US by applying a terministic analysis to these headlines (select terms, argue for a critical angle):
Remote work could cost Americans their jobs within decade, experts say
Working From Home Is Not an Urban Escape Hatch
Over 50% of CEOs say they're considering cutting jobs over the next 6 months — and remote workers may be the first go to
~insert a successful critcism here~
Name Aristotle's categories of rhetorical speech
The type of terministic screen that is ontological
Scientific screen