Logical Fallacies
What is a logical fallacy?
A) An error in reasoning
B) Appeal to logic
C) Appeal to emotion
D) Overstating a point in an argument
A) An error in reasoning
What are our three appeals?
Ethos, Pathos, and Logos
Why would a speaker/writer use a slippery slope logical fallacy?
A) It discourages critical thinking by misrepresenting the cause-and-effect relationship.
B) It oversimplifies the issue by limiting the audience’s ability to evaluate alternatives.
C) It exaggerates potential consequences to create an emotional reaction.
C) It exaggerates potential consequences to create an emotional reaction.
Reece likes reading, writing and eating.
This is an example of:
a.)Allusion b.)Understatement
c.)Parallel Structure d.)Overstatement
What is c.)Parallel Structure / Parallelism?
Information that supports or proves the main points. Includes facts, statistics, examples, and anecdotes.
A. Anecdote B. Counterargument
C. Evidence D. Claim
What is C. Evidence?
"If we let kids stay up late, soon they’ll stop doing homework, and then they’ll fail school entirely! Society as we know it will be doomed!"
What logical fallacy is being displayed?
A) Bandwagon
B) Red Herring
C) Slippery Slope
D) Ad Hominem
C) Slippery Slope
What is the appeal to logic?
Logos
Why would someone use a slippery slope logical fallacy?
A. It exaggerates potential consequences to create an emotional reaction.
B. It shifts attention away from the main argument by introducing an unrelated concern.
A. It exaggerates potential consequences to create an emotional reaction.
"No! No! No!" screamed Aunt Betty when she saw the cat scratching the couch.
This is an example of:
a.)Overstatement b.)Repetition
c.)Allusion d.)Parallelism
What is repetition?
This type of evidence is a story that happened either to the speaker/author or to someone they personally know.
A. Anecdote B. Counterargument
C. Claim D. Anaphora
What is A. Anecdote?
This is an example of what?
Bandwagon
"If you really cared about my safety you would buy me a new car."
What appeal is being displayed?
Pathos
Why would a speaker/writer use a bandwagon logical fallacy?
A.It pressures the audience to agree because they are attempting to make you feel left out.
B. It shifts focus to unrelated issues, diverting attention from the claim.
C. It encourages the audience to reject alternative viewpoints without critical thought.
D. It oversimplifies the issue by presenting extreme outcomes.
A. It pressures the audience to agree because they are attempting to make you feel left out.
The small startup took on the tech giant in court—a true David and Goliath battle—and surprisingly won.
This statement is an example of:
a.) allusion c.)understatement
b.) overstatement d.)anaphora
What is allusion?
Claim: Schools should require uniforms because they create a sense of unity and reduce bullying.
"Some people argue that requiring uniforms limits students' ability to express themselves. They believe that clothing is an important way for students to show their individuality and personality."
This is an example of:
A. Concession B. Counterargument
C. Rebuttal D. Anecdote
What is B. Counterargument?
"We either ban video games or accept that kids will never succeed in school."
What logical fallacy is present?
A) False dilemma
B) Red Herring
C) Strawman
D) Slipery Slope
A) False Dilemma
"A friend trying to persuade you to eat healthier might present scientific studies that show the benefits of a balanced diet".
What appeal is present in the sentence above?
Logos
Why would a speaker use a false dilemma logical fallacy?
A. It misrepresents the opposing viewpoint to make it appear less reasonable.
B. It reduces complex issues to two extremes, limiting meaningful discussion.
C. It shifts the audience’s focus to unrelated issues, avoiding the main argument.
D. It appeals to emotions by exaggerating the consequences of one choice.
B. It reduces complex issues to two extremes, limiting meaningful discussion.
"It's going to be a little chilly tomorrow," Mom said as she looked at the weather report which predicted a high temperature of -15 degrees.
This statement is an example of:
a.) overstatement b.)understatement
c.) parallelism d.)anaphora
What is understatement?
Claim: Schools should require uniforms because they create a sense of unity and reduce bullying.
"While self-expression is important, students can still express themselves in other ways, such as through their hairstyles, accessories, and school activities. Additionally, uniforms help create a more focused learning environment by reducing distractions caused by clothing choices."
This is an example of:
A. Concession B. Counterargument
C. Rebuttal D. Anecdote
What is C. Rebuttal?
"After meeting one rude tourist, I can tell you that all people from that state are unfriendly."
What logical fallacy is present?
Hasty Generalization
What appeal AND logical fallacy is present in the following video?
*Hint hint hey future Mr. Best play the video* - From Past Mr. Best
Ethos
(Using Will Ferrell's credibility to produce their commercial along with other actors/actresses)
Why would someone use hasty generalization?
A. It shifts the audience’s focus away from evaluating the proposal itself and instead attacks the speaker.
B. It exaggerates potential consequences to create unnecessary fear.
C. It misrepresents the proposal to make it easier to dismiss.
D. It encourages the audience to base their opinion solely on popularity.
A. It shifts the audience’s focus away from evaluating the proposal itself and instead attacks the speaker.
Every day, every night, in every way, I am getting better and better.
This statement is an example of:
a.) allusion b.)anaphora
c.) overstatement d.)parallelism
What is anaphora?
Topic: Should schools require students to wear uniforms?
"Some people argue that school uniforms limit students' ability to express themselves through their clothing. This is a valid concern, as personal style can be an important part of identity. However, school is ultimately a place for learning, and uniforms help reduce distractions, promote equality, and create a more focused academic environment."
This is an example of
A. Acknowledgement C. Anecdote
B. Rebuttal D. Refutation
What is B. Rebuttal?