Definitions
Aristotle's definition of rhetoric
The faculty of observing in any given case by the available means of persuasion
enthymeme
an abbreviated syllogism with one part left out
If I eat this, I will die. I am alive
(find the hidden premise)
I did not eat it because I am alive
1. All kids don't like peas.
2. Caroline is a kid.
3. Caroline does not like peas.
(Which type? Categorical, If/Then or Either/Or?)
Categorical
Ethos
the authority or credibility of the speaker.
quintilian's definition of rhetoric
the good man speaking well
syllogism
an argument that has a major, and minor premise and a conclusion
You aren't a whale, so you are a pencil
(find the hidden premise)
You are either a whale or a pencil.
If you are late to school, you will be marked absent.
I was marked absent.
I was late to school.
(Find which type)
If/Then or Hypothetical
Pathos
the emotional response of an audience.
Sophistry
Speaking to persuade without regards for the truth
phronesis
Practical wisdom, being responsible always
Every night I either eat dinner or I go rob a bank. Last night I didn't eat dinner.
(Find the hidden premise)
Therefore, I robbed a bank.
You either ride the bus or you walk to school.
(Find which type of syllogism it is)
Either/ or OR disjunctive
Logos
the logic/ reasoning of an argument
endoxa
a common opinion or a conventional belief
eunoia
Goodwill, your friends wanting good for you
If you don't do your homework, you won't pass the class.
Either you fail the class or you do your homework.
All rhetoric teachers are male.
Mr. Irving is a rhetoric teacher.
Mr. Irving is a male
Categorical
This resides in the speaker
What is ethos
arete
Moral virtue, the willingness to help everyone
sound
has a true premise and valid form
Either the picture is painted by me, or it is lousy. It is not lousy.
(Find the hidden premise)
I painted the picture.
either/or OR disjunctive
This resides in pathos+ ethos
what is logos