JONES Criteria MAJOR
This major criterion involves inflammation of the heart, which can affect the endocardium, myocardium, or pericardium.
Pancarditis
This minor criteria looks for elevations in these two inflammatory markers.
What is CRP or ESR?
Rheumatic fever typically follows an infection with this organism.
What is Group A Streptococcus?
Group A Streptococcus has this shape under a microscope.
What are cocci?
This joint-related major criterion is typically migratory, starting in one joint and moving to another.
What is polyarthritis?
A minor criterion that is determined by comparing the patient’s body temperature to normal values, specifically looking for this threshold.
What is fever above 38.5°C (101.3°F)?
This diagnostic tool is used to confirm evidence of a prior Group A Streptococcal infection.
What are antistreptolysin O (ASO) titers?
The hemolytic pattern of Group A Streptococcus on blood agar.
What is beta-hemolysis?
This major criterion is characterized by rapid, irregular, and involuntary movements of the muscles.
What is Sydenham’s chorea?
This minor criterion involves joint pain without swelling, which can help support the diagnosis in the absence of polyarthritis.
What is polyarthralgia?
The first-line treatment for eradicating the Group A Streptococcus infection in rheumatic fever.
What is penicillin?
This protein on the surface of Group A Streptococcus plays a key role in virulence and immune evasion.
What is the M protein?
This major criterion presents as painless, firm nodules found on bony surfaces.
What are subcutaneous nodules?
This minor criterion, identified on an EKG, suggests electrical conduction abnormalities linked to inflammation.
What is a prolonged PR interval?
Long-term prophylaxis for preventing recurrent rheumatic fever involves this medication.
What is penicillin?
Group A Streptococcus is sensitive to this antibiotic, which is often used in diagnostic testing.
What is bacitracin?