pathophysiology
What infection causes rheumatic fever?
Group A Streptococcus, often from strep throat or scarlet fever.
What is the first medication used to treat rheumatic fever?
Antibiotics, such as penicillin, to eliminate the streptococcal infection
What should you do if you develop a sore throat?
Visit a doctor to test for strep throat and treat it promptly
What long-term condition can rheumatic fever cause if not treated?
Rheumatic heart disease, which may involve valve damage.)
Why might someone recovering from rheumatic fever feel tired or weak during physical activity?
Heart inflammation can reduce energy levels, so activities may need to be adjusted.
How does rheumatic fever affect the heart?
It can cause inflammation of the heart valves, leading to rheumatic heart disease.
What type of medicine might you take to reduce swelling and pain?
Anti-inflammatory drugs like NSAIDs or corticosteroids
Why is it important to avoid contact with people who have untreated strep throat?
To reduce the risk of infection and potential recurrence of rheumatic fever.
Why is regular heart monitoring necessary after rheumatic fever?
To check for valve issues or other complications that could lead to heart problems.
How can you safely build strength and endurance after recovering from rheumatic fever?
Engage in light-to-moderate exercise approved by your doctor.
What is the body’s immune system doing during rheumatic fever that causes problems?
The immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues, causing inflammation in the heart, joints, skin, and brain
How long might someone with rheumatic fever need to take antibiotics to prevent future infections?
Several years, sometimes until adulthood, depending on the severity
What safety precautions should you take if you have a damaged heart valve?
Regular follow-ups with a doctor and taking preventive antibiotics before certain procedures like dental work
Can rheumatic fever come back? If so, how can it be prevented?
Yes, it can recur. Preventive antibiotics and treating strep infections early can reduce the risk
How can small tasks like drawing or crafting help recovery from rheumatic fever?
They can reduce stress and build focus without overexerting the body
Why does the immune system attack healthy tissues in rheumatic fever?
The antibodies produced to fight strep bacteria mistakenly target the body’s own tissues due to molecular mimicry.
Why is it important to finish all prescribed medications, even if you feel better?
To ensure the infection is fully treated and prevent complications or recurrence
What hygiene habits can help prevent strep throat, and in turn, rheumatic fever?
Washing hands frequently, avoiding close contact with sick individuals, and covering your mouth when coughing or sneezing.
What are potential symptoms of rheumatic heart disease that might develop years after rheumatic fever?
Shortness of breath, chest pain, fatigue, or swelling in the legs and feet
How can talking about your condition with others help you?
It can improve your understanding, reduce fear, and build support networks.
Which layers of the heart can be affected by inflammation in rheumatic fever?
The endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium.
What type of therapy might a person need if rheumatic fever causes severe joint pain?
Physical therapy or anti-inflammatory medications to restore mobility and reduce discomfort.
Why is it important to complete every dose of preventive antibiotics after rheumatic fever?
To avoid recurring infections that could cause additional damage to the heart
How can untreated rheumatic fever affect a person's quality of life in the future?
It can lead to chronic heart problems, reduced ability to exercise, and increased risk of heart failure or stroke
What can you do to stay positive and motivated during treatment?
Set small goals, talk to friends/family, and find enjoyable hobbies.