Industrial Innovations
What American inventor was responsible for the creation of the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
The economic system where assets are privately owned rather than government controlled is known as
capitalism
Why did many children need to work throughout the 1800s?
Their families needed supplemental income.
What was workers' main strategy for improving their working conditions?
Forming labor unions
People who reject all forms of government are called
Anarchists.
What invention by Samuel Morse revolutionized long-distance communication?
telegraph
Which of the following best describes a monopoly?
a company that completely dominates a particular industry
a run-down apartment building from the late 1800s and early 1900s.
tenement
Which of the following best describes "bread and butter" unionism?
Improving wages and working conditions for labor
Socialists followed the economic theories of what famous political philosopher?
Karl Marx
How did access to electricity change American industry?
Businesses and factories could stay open much later.
Describe the process of horizontal integration.
Joining together as many firms from the same industry as possible
What were some of the health threats faced by industrial workers?
hazardous machinery, toxic gases and dust, lack of safety equipment
What was a yellow-dog contract?
Written pledge not to join a union
The Industrial Workers of the World advocated what economic philosophy?
Socialism
How did financial backers protect their investments in inventions?
They acquired patents.
Describe the process of vertical integration.
Taking control of each step in product production and distribution
Why were the late-1800s often referred to as the Gilded Age?
Some industrialists grew wealthy despite a great deal of political unrest.
What was a union's last resort when an employer refused to negoitate better conditions?
Threatening to strike
Which national labor organization sought to overthrow capitalism?
Industrial Workers of the World
Why did Andrew Carnegie state, "anyone who dies rich dies disgraced"?
He believed that the wealthy should use their surplus wealth to help others.
Why did the Sherman Antitrust Act initially fail to reduce the influence of big businesses?
Vague language led to weak government enforcement.
What event in 1911 brought more public attention to the plight of workers?
Fatal fire at the Triangle Shirtwaist Factory
A violent clash in 1886 between union supporters and Chicago police that divided and weakened the labor movement
Haymarket Affair
a person who gives money to support worthy causes
philanthropist