England
Who became the leader after the English Civil War?
Oliver Cromwell
What treaty ended the thirty-years war?
Treaty of Westphalia
This is a king or queen who has complete control over the government and the lives of their people. Ex: King Louis XIV
Absolute Monarch
Who was the first Czar of Russia?
Ivan IV
What city did the Ottomans twice fail to take?
Vienna, Austria
Where was piracy largely focused?
The Caribbean
Who emerged as the major power after the war?
France and Sweden
What dynasty ruled France during this time?
Bourbons
Peter the Great
Who formed the first standing army in modern history?
The Janisarries
What were the two factions of the English Civil War
Royalists and Parliamentarians
What HRE state rose to power after the war?
Prussia
What is the day known as when over 5,000 high ranking huguenots and protestants were killed?
St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre
What dynasty ruled Russia until 1917?
Romanov Dynasty
What island did the Ottomans fail to capture?
Island of Malta
What was the act that united England and Scotland into Great Britain called?
The Act of Union
What was the original purpose/cause of the Thirty-years war?
Religious Differences in the HRE
Where did France focus their colonial efforts during this period?
The Americas
What group largely controlled Russia before the rise of the Czars?
Boyars
What city held the Ottomans in the middle east until the 15th century?
Constantinople (Byzantine)
This was the overthrow of King James II of England that established Parliament’s power over the monarchy.
The Glorious Revolution
What was the long-term impact of the Thirty-Year War?
Religious differences were settled, and modern Europe was formed
What major problem did Louis leave France with?
Financial problems (Enormous debt)
What was Russia's main geographic goal?
Access to warm water ports
Who was the leader of the Ottoman Empire during the period when they reached the height of their power, between 1520 and 1566?
Suleiman the Magnificent