Mesopotamia
What does the word Mesopotamia mean?
Land Between the Rivers
The Nile River was especially beneficial because its floods were:
predictable and fertile
Which mountain range protected the Indus Valley from invasion?
Hindu Kush
Which two major rivers supported Chinese civilization?
Huang He and Chiang Jiang
What was Mesopotamia's writing system called?
cuneiform
Which two rivers were essential to Mesopotamian civilization?
Tigris and Euphrates
The deserts around Egypt protected it by acting:
as natural barriers
What natural seasonal winds shaped India's climate?
monsoons
The yellow silt left by the Huang He River was called:
loess
What material was used to write cuneiform?
clay tablets
What was the main building material used in Mesopotamia?
dried mud bricks
What type of government did Egypt have and what is the definition?
Theocracy - a political system where rulers are considered to be gods
What was unique about Mohenjo-Daro's city layout?
grid-like pattern with plumbing
What system did early Chinese rulers use where land was given in exchange for farming?
feudalism
The Egyptian writing system was known as:
hieroglyphics
A city and its surrounding land is called a:
city-state
Egyptians believed that Pharaohs ruled when?
in both life and afterlife
What have archaeologists concluded about Indus Valley seals found in Mesopotamia?
They prove both civilizations traded.
In Shang religion, who was believed to influence family fortune?
ancestors
What material allowed hieroglyphic writing to be portable?
papyrus
Who created the world's first empire around 2350 BC?
Sargon of Akkad
What was the purpose of mummification
to preserve the body for the afterlife
What evidence suggests that the Indus Valley was relatively peaceful?
few weapons found
What objects were used in China to communicate with ancestors?
oracle bones
Ancient Chinese writing was often found on:
oracle bones
Hammurabi is most remembered for:
establishing a written code of laws
The Pyramids at Giza were built during which period?
Old Kingdom
Which group migrated into India around 1500 BC and influenced Hinduism?
Aryans
The Mandate of Heaven was used to justify:
the right to rule
The Rosetta Stone helped scholars:
translate hieroglyphics