Rivers and Geography
This area's name means "between two rivers"
What is Mesopotamia
One of the earliest civilizations of Mesopotamia known for major innovations including writing
Who were the Sumerians
Provided life and all resources for the Egyptian Empire
What is the Nile River?
the belief in many gods
What is polytheism
the earliest writing system developed by the Sumerian often written on clay
What is cuneiform?
The Tigris and Euphrates River
What are the two rivers of Mesopotamia
A place of worship located at the center of city-states defined by its stepped temple
What were ziggurats
Title given to Egyptian Ruler, thought of as a god
What is a Pharoah?
the concept that religion and government should coincide
What is a Theocracy
Egyptian writing system was deciphered with the help of the Rosetta Stone?
What is hieroglyphics?
Area that curves from the Persian Gulf towards the Mediterranean Sea; includes Mesopotamia
What is the Fertile Crescent
Farming technique which brought water from rivers to where they needed for crops
What is irrigation, such as canals and dams
Natural feature at the mouth of the Nile River, forming a fertile, triangular region
What is the Nile Delta?
Process of preserving the bodies of deceased Egyptian in preparation for the afterlife
What is mummification?
Early form of paper used for Egyptian scribes
What is papyrus
What is silt?
A written collection of laws ordered by a Babylonian rulers and displayed on a stele.
What is Hammurabi's Code
A funerary text of spells and prayers intended to guide those in the afterlife
What is the Book of the Dead
***DAILY DOUBLE***Egyptian deity protected graves and was associated with embalming?
Who is Anubis?
Used often to track flooding and river activity in river valley civilizations
What are early calendars
What are Nile Cataracts and deserts?
Major Mesopotamian flaw that led to frequent invasion and conquest for city-states due to flat land
What is lack of natural barriers?
Provided reliable output of crops and goods for Egyptians; connected to calendar keeping
What is the Nile's Annual Floodings
The cornerstone of Egyptian religion
What is the afterlife?
***DAILY DOUBLE***Two innovations from river valley civilizations besides writing and how it benefited society
Math, science, astronomy, wheel, calendar, date keeping, code of law, infrastructure, medicine