Distribution of water on Earth
This water makes up 97% of the water on Earth's surface
Salt water
This process is caused by the sun's heat
Evaporation
The place at which a river begins
River source
Area that is drained by a river and its tributaries
Drainage basin
Low area between hills and mountains
Valley
Percentage of fresh water on the Earth's surface
3%
Another name for the water cycle
Hydrologic cycle
The path which the river flows along
River course/channel
The boundary of a drainage basin is known as a ..................
Watershed
This feature is formed when the river erodes sideways and deposits the sediments it is carrying on the opposite banks.
Meanders
1% of the Earth's fresh water is contained in...........
Streams, rivers, lakes
Water goes through a cycle of changes in three states. What are the three states?
Solid, liquid and gas
The streams and rivers that join a main river
Tributaries
Watershed is also known as a .......................
Divide
How does a waterfall forms?
Forms when a river flows over a horizontal layer of hard rock overlying soft rock. The soft rock eroded more quickly than the hard rock. A ledge is formed over which the water falls.
Salt water cannot be used for drinking or industrial purposes unless it is .............
Processed
Water that does not seep into the ground but flows on the surface of the Earth is called.....
Runoff
A river flows downhill from its source due to ..........
The pull of gravity
This river changes it's course every year and is the largest river in the world
Amazon River
Whenever it rains heavily, the river will overflow its banks and flood the surrounding low-lying land. This land is called a .....................
Floodplain
This place contains most of the world's fresh water
Antarctica
Explain how plants helps with the formation of rainfall
Plants give out water vapour through their leaves. This water vapour rises up, cools and condense into water droplets. When the tiny water droplets gather together, they form clouds. When the clouds could not hold the water droplets, they fall onto Earth as rain.
The source may be ................ from the top of the mountain, or a ..................... with a stream flowing out of it.
Melting snow, lake
How does the river channel change as it flows from the mountains down the valleys?
The channel gets wider
A delta will form only under certain conditions. What are these TWO conditions?
1. A river must be carrying a large amount of sediment
2. The waves must not be so strong that they remove the sediments faster than the river can deposit them