Friends & Family of Rizal
He was Rizal’s only brother, who acted as a second father and sent him money while he was studying in Europe.
Who is Paciano?
Rizal was executed by a firing squad at this location, formerly known as Bagumbayan.
What is Luneta (or Rizal Park)?
The opening of this maritime shortcut in 1869 significantly shortened the travel time between Spain and the Philippines.
What is the Suez Canal?
Rizal earned his Bachelor of Arts degree with highest honors from this Jesuit-run institution in Manila.
What is Ateneo Municipal de Manila?
This is the official Republic Act number of the Rizal Law, which mandates the study of his life, works, and writings in all schools.
What is RA 1425?
This Austrian professor was Rizal’s best friend and a staunch defender of his works, despite never having visited the Philippines at the time.
Who is Ferdinand Blumentritt?
While in Dapitan, Rizal practiced this profession for free for the poor, but charged the wealthy.
What is a Doctor (or Physician/Ophthalmologist)?
This term refers to the "enlightened ones" the class of Filipinos who studied in Europe and advocated for reforms.
Who are the Ilustrados?
To pursue Ophthalmology and cure his mother's failing eyesight, Rizal enrolled in this university after Ateneo.
What is the University of Santo Tomas (UST)?
He is known as the "Father of the Rizal Law" for being its main author and proponent in the Senate.
Who is Claro M. Recto?
This was Rizal's first love, often associated with the character "Maria Clara" in his novels.
Who is Leonor Rivera?
This is the name of the woman Rizal met and fell in love with while in exile in Dapitan.
Who is Josephine Bracken?
These three Filipino priests were executed in 1872, an event Rizal dedicated his second novel to, citing it as the spark for his nationalism.
Who are Gomburza (Gomez, Burgos, and Zamora)?
This was the first city Rizal visited in Europe where he began his studies in Spain.
What is Madrid?
This powerful institution was the primary opponent of the Rizal Law during its deliberation, claiming the novels were anti-clerical.
What is the Catholic Church?
This friend of Rizal was the one who loaned him the money to finally publish the Noli Me Tangere in 1887.
Who is Maximo Viola?
Unlike a Western "Hero" who is often a lone wolf, a "Bayani" is someone who acts for the benefit of this.
What is the Community (or the Bayan)?
This was the primary reason Rizal's family faced eviction from their lands in Calamba, leading to a major agrarian dispute.
What is the Hacienda de Calamba land dispute (against the Dominican friars)?
Rizal finished his medical studies and earned his Licentiate in Medicine at this prestigious Spanish university.
What is the Universidad Central de Madrid?
President Ramon Magsaysay signed the law on this specific date in 1956—also the same day as Filipino Independence Day at the time.
What is June 12, 1956?
This was the name of the Spanish Governor-General who signed Rizal’s death warrant in 1896.
Who is Camilo de Polavieja?
This was the secret revolutionary society founded by Bonifacio after Rizal was exiled, which used Rizal’s name as a password.
What is the Katipunan (or KKK)?
This Spanish Governor-General was responsible for the liberal atmosphere that allowed the rise of Filipino nationalism, but was later replaced by the reactionary Izquierdo.
Who is Carlos Maria de la Torre?
While in Germany, Rizal worked as an assistant at the eye clinic of this famous professor to master ophthalmic surgery.
Who is Dr. Otto Becker?
This section of the law specifically requires schools to keep "adequate number of copies" of the original and unexpurgated editions of Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo in their libraries.
What is Section 2?