Weather & Climate
Weather is short term or long term
SHORT TERM
this layer is closest to earth
tropopshere
Why is the equator generally warmer than the poles?
The equator receives more direct sunlight.
What is the main source of energy that drives many processes on Earth's surface?
What is the Sun?
Which Earth system includes rocks, soil, mountains, and land?
Geosphere
CLIMATE IS LONG TERM OR SHORT TERM
LONG TERM
This layer contains weather
troposphere
Which surface usually heats up faster during the day: land or water?
What is land?
What type of heat transfer occurs when energy moves through direct contact?
conduction
Which Earth system includes oceans, rivers, lakes, groundwater, and glaciers?
Hydrosphere and Cryosphere
GIVE AN EXAMPLE OF WEATHER
TODAY, TOMORROW, NEXT WEEK
Meteors burning earth
When land heats faster than nearby ocean water, what can happen to the air?
Warm air rises and cooler air moves in, creating a local wind.
What type of heat transfer occurs when warm material rises and cool material sinks?
What is convection?
Which Earth system includes all living things?
What is the biosphere?
YEARLY / ANNUAL
stratosphere
Earth's rotation causes moving air and water to appear to curve instead of moving in a straight line. What is this effect called?
What is the Coriolis effect?
What type of energy transfer can travel through waves using empty space, such as energy from the Sun reaching Earth?
Radiation
Which Earth system is made up of the gases surrounding Earth and what are the gases in the atmosphere?
ATMOSPHERE - 78% Nitrogen, Oxygen (21%), 1% other gases
A city has experienced unusually heavy rainfall every summer for many years. Is this information more useful for describing weather or climate?
CLIMATE
How many layers of the atmosphere are there? Name all 5
There are 5 layers
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
Explain how uneven heating of Earth's surface can create global wind patterns.
The Sun heats Earth's surface unevenly. This creates temperature and air-pressure differences, causing air to move and creating wind patterns.
During the day, land heats faster than the ocean. Warm air above the land rises while cooler air moves in from over the ocean. What process is primarily responsible for this movement of air?
convection
A glacier melts and the water flows into a river. Which two Earth systems are directly interacting?
What are the cryosphere and hydrosphere?