Mycobacterium Tuberculosis (TB)
The type of isolation precautions for suspected or confirmed TB
What are airborne precautions?
The best way to prevent influenza.
What is the influenza vaccine?
A ___________ dot must be placed on the left or right upper corner of the Contact Precautions sign to indicate the room must be cleaned/disinfected with bleach wipes and all persons must wash their hands with soap and water before exiting the patient's environment (room).
What is a brown dot
In healthcare settings, CRE bacteria can be spread through person-to-person contact (for example, from patient to patient via the contaminated ___________ of healthcare personnel.
What are hands?
In healthcare, ESBLs can be spread through person-to-person contact (from patient to patient via the __________________ hands of healthcare personnel, or other persons) or by contamination of the environment. The bacteria are not spread through the air.
What is contaminated?
This aerosol generating procedure should always be performed in an isolation negative air pressure room. AFBs are routinely ordered. The patient will remain on Airborne Precautions until the discontinuation criteria for suspected or confirmed TB have been met.
What is Bronchoscopy
Fever, chills, cough, sore throat, headache, muscle aches, runny/stuffy nose and fatigue.
What are symptoms of influenza?
The term for the amount of time the surface must stay wet with disinfectant (bleach).
What is the contact, dwell or dry time?
The single most important method to prevent the spread of infection.
What is hand hygiene?
A gram-negative rod bacteria that is a common cause of urinary tract infections and may also be classified as an ESBL.
What is Escherichia coli or E. coli?
The following criteria describes when Airborne Precautions can be _________________ for suspected TB disease of the lungs, airway or larynx.
1. When infectious TB is considered unlikely and either another diagnosis is made that explains the clinical syndrome; OR
2. the patient has 3 consecutive negative AFB sputum smear results. Each of the 3 sputum specimens should be collected in 8-24 hour intervals, and a least one specimen should be an early morning specimen because respiratory secretions pool overnight.
What is discontinued or stopped?
Maintain Droplet Precautions for ______ days after illness onset OR until _____ hours after the resolution of fever and respiratory symptoms, whichever is longer.
What are 7 days and 24 hours?
Patients who test positive for Clostridium difficile may have Contact Precautions discontinued if the patient meets ALL of the following criteria:
•The patient has not had a diarrhea or loose stool for ___________ hours, AND
•the patient is continent of stool, AND
•the patient performs hand hygiene with soap and water (handwashing).
What is 72 hours?
Hand hygiene must be done upon ________ and _________ of the patient room/environment even if you do not touch anything in the patient room/environment. Hand hygiene applies to all patients, regardless of diagnosis or communicable disease.
What are entry and exit
(in and out)
Once the bacteria is identified as an ESBL, the Microbiology Department types in the statement at the bottom of the page of the culture report.
“This organism has been shown to be resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. It is considered to be an MDRO organism, and the patient should be placed on ________ Precautions. This organism is a confirmed extended spectrum beta-lactamase.”
What are contact precautions?
The name of laboratory test to test for TB. This test involves a smear and culture of the specimen.
What is an Acid Fast Bacillus (AFB) smear and culture?
Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Test (RIDT) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)
What are tests (testing methods) for influenza ?
____________ or ____________ stools are the preferred specimen for Clostridium difficile infection testing. The stool specimen should conform to the shape of the specimen container.
What are watery or loose or diarrhea stools?
Once the bacteria is identified as an CRE, the Microbiology Department types in a statement at the bottom of the page of the _____________ report.
What is culture report?
The name of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference (guideline) and page number to determine the type and duration of isolation precautions for ESBLs.
What is Appendix A, page 101?
The Infection Prevention policy titled “TB Exposure Control Plan” lists the number of ___________ (hint: time increment) for removal of TB airborne contaminants from an isolation negative air pressure room before the room is terminally cleaned and put back into use for another patient.
What are minutes?
These 3 infection prevention actions are required during an "aerosol generating procedure" for a suspected or confirmed influenza patient case.
1.Isolation negative air pressure room with door closed (or non-isolation negative air pressure room with door closed); and
2._____________ respirator (mask) or PAPR for healthcare personnel; and
3.Limitation of the number of healthcare personnel in room.
What is an N95
The name of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference (guideline) and page number to determine the type and duration of isolation precautions for Clostridium difficile.
What is Appendix A; page 93 or 96?
The name of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reference (guideline) and page number to determine the type and duration of isolation precautions for CRE.
What is Appendix A, page 101?
The “R” underneath the RX column on the culture report is an abbreviation for _____________ and is a one-word description of the bacteria’s susceptibility.
What is resistant or resistance?