RNA
In RNA, A always pairs with ____.
Uracil
What is the long name for DNA?
deoxyribonucleic acid
How many bases are in a codon?
3
During which phase of cell division does DNA replicate?
S phase
DNA replication uses existing DNA as a template to make new DNA. Therefore, it is a ____ molecule.
Semiconservative
What sugar is used in RNA
ribose
If one strand of a DNA molecule contains the letters ATTCG, what would be the letters in the complementary strand?
TAAGC
What is the difference between transcription and translation?
Transcription- DNA to RNA
Translation- mRNA to amino acids (proteins)
What does Helicase do?
separates the DNA strands
What is RNA's function?
help DNA make proteins
Describe RNA's structure
single-stranded
Describe DNA's appearance
Double Helix
Double Stranded
What amino acid is created with the codons GGA- CAU
glycerine and histidine
What does DNA polymerase do?
Adds nucleotides and proofreads the DNA codes to ensure there are no errors.
It helps to produce the mRNA strand by adding nucleotides.
Where is RNA located?
cytoplasm and the nucleus
What macromolecule is RNA?
nucleic acid
The sugar found in DNA is ________.
Deoxyribose
What amino acid does the codon GUA code for?
Valine
What does ligase do?
links new pieces of DNA together
Where is DNA located?
nucleus
What are the three types of RNA?
mRNA- used for vaccinations and the codon wheel
tRNA- makes the anti-codons
rRNA- links amino acids (proteins)
The function of DNA is to ______.
Hold all genetic information, and hold instructions to make proteins.
What is the mRNA sequence for Methionine?
AUG
What is the role of tRNA in protein synthesis?
It creates anti-codons that pair with mRNA to create an amino acid.
Who founded DNA?
James Watson and Francis Crick