Random
1923, in San Francisco, how did Warren Harding die?
-Became ill with what was probably a heart attack
-Excessive smoking and drinking
1922, Warren Harding's Secretary of Interior, Albert Fell, allowed private interests to lease lands containing U.S. oil reserves. What was this called?
Teapot Dome Scandal
1908, the Model-T sold for $850, but in 1924, after _____ reduced the time and energy necessary to make it, the price fell to $295.
Mass production or Assembly line
The fear that Americans felt toward Germans and Communists expanded to all immigrants, triggering a rise in _____ , which is the belief that one’s land needed protected against immigrants
Nativism
The two major characteristics of the _____ movement was a proud defiance and a bitter contempt of racism.
Harlem Renaissance
1920s, native-born Americans feared immigrants, because some were anarchists. What is an anarchist?
-People who oppose all forms of government
The U.S. was too interconnected with European economies to be _____ , so they promoted world peace with economic policies. (Hint: the opposite of globalism)
isolationist
What did Charles Lindbergh do?
1927, first to fly transatlantic flight to Paris
1925: Tennessee outlawed teaching _____ in schools, so John T. Scopes was arrested for breaking this law, leading to the Scopes’ Trial.
Evolution
Bessie Smith sang about unfulfilled love, poverty, and oppression, the classic themes of _____ music, a soulful style of music that evolved from African American spirituals.
Blues
U.S. secretary of state Frank Kellogg and French foreign minister Aristide Briand propose the Kellogg-Braind Pact, which did what?
-Outlawed war
-Or countries agreed to settle disputes peacefully
Calvin Coolidge & Andrew Mellon did something that allowed businesses to create more jobs, which then caused the economy would grow, which then allowed the government to collect greater taxes. What did they do?
Lowered taxes
1903, Who made the first successful flight with an airplane?
Wright Brothers
Sacco & Vanzetti were anarchists and foreigners accused of robbery & murder. The evidence against them was questionable. What happened to Sacco & Vanzetti?
They were found guilty and executed
_____ was the first American cultural expression that impacted the world, particularly in Paris.
Jazz
The Harlem Renaissance was a celebration of African American culture. In which state is Harlem located?
New York
Who were the Ohio Gang?
Warren Harding's friends from Ohio, who were given high-level government jobs, which turned out to be disastrous
Advertisers linked products with qualities associated with the 1920s (progress, convenience, leisure) and they preyed on consumers’ fears. What kind of fears?
-status
-weight
-looks
The battle to repeal prohibition began almost as soon as prohibition began, and in 1933 the _____ Amendment was passed and prohibition ended.
21st
_____ was a composer, pianist, and bandleader, who created a special sound by using different instruments.
Edward “Duke” Ellington
What did Alice Roosevelt Longworth, daughter of Theodore Roosevelt, see in Warren Harding’s White?
-Tobacco smoke, whiskey, cards & poker chips
In the 1920s, which president was known for corruption, because he gave government jobs to his friends?
Warren Harding
1926, National Broadcasting Company (NBC) broadcasted daily programs, which caused _____ sales to grow from $10 mil to $411 mil.
Radio
The _____ existed after the Civil War, but William J. Simmons founded a new version in 1924, pledging to preserve America’s white & protestant civilization.
Klu Klux Klan
Despite Marcus Garvey’s failure, he instilled African Americans with hope for the future, & these feelings reemerged strongly in the _____ Movement of the 1960s.
Civil Rights
Duke Ellington got his start at the Cotton Club, the most famous nightclub in Harlem. What kind of customers did the Cotton Club serve?
Only white customers
Washington Naval Conference angered the Japanese, but the U.S. and Britain liked it. Why?
-Japanese were to maintain a smaller navy than U.S. and Britain
-Ratio of 5-5-3
1928, Otto Rohwedder developed _____ , but people did not know it existed, so he use advertising to attract consumers.
Bread Slicer
During prohibition, liquor was illegal, so America saw an increase in what?
-Bootlegging: illegal production of alcohol
-Organized crime
-Gangsters: Al Capone
____ is a type of music that allows African Americans to give voice to their difficult position in American society
Blues
1920s, Americans bought 75% of radios & 60% of cars on installment plan. What are installment plans?
-Make a payment a little at a time
-Monthly payments
-Buying on credit
Om the 1920s, President Coolidge & Congress practiced supply-side economics, which passed allows the economy to grow by doing what?
Lowering taxes
Before the 1920s, Americans considered _____ to be shameful, but during the 1920s this belief changed as Americans earned higher wages.
Debit or Credit
What were Flappers?
Women who smoked cigarettes, drank liquor, and wore revealing clothes.
African Americans created _____ , which had a positive impact by connecting them to the rest of America, & thus reducing racism through a shared experience.
Jazz
In the 1920s, what did Jazz become associated with that caused some people to believe Jazz-lovers were criminals?
During Prohibition, jazz became associated with speakeasies, where alcohol was consumed
After W.W. 1, diplomat Charles G. Dawes negotiated an agreement where the U.S. loaned money to _____ , so _____ could make reparations to Britain/France, who would then pay back money to the U.S..
Germany
_____ led to the purchase of more household cleaning products at home.
Indoor Plumbing
What is a speakeasy?
Secret bar used for buying alcohol, during prohibition
During W.W. 1, _____ _____ increased African Americans numbers in the north, which allowed Chicago to elect Oscar DePriest to Congress, first from a Northern state.
Great Migration
Farmers did not enjoy the prosperity of the 1920s. Name 1 of the 3 other groups who were also poor.
1. African Americans: replaced by returning servicemen
2. Native Americans: on reservations
3. Deep South: agricultural economy eroded
1920s, Most Americans favored isolationism, which is what?
-The idea that the U.S. will be more safer & prosperous if it stays out of world affairs
After WWI, _____ were hurt when debt-ridden Europe had no money for American products & when the Fordney-McCumber Act raised tariff prices.
U.S. Farmers
Americans fear immigrants from Europe and Asia, so they restricted their access. But from which country did Americans get cheap labor for agriculture, mining, and railroad work?
Mexico
When African Americans returned from WW1, W.E.B. Du Bois summarized the importance of the event: "We return from fighting. We return fighting. Make way for _____ ! We saved it in France, and by the Great Jehovah, we will save it in the U.S..”
Democracy
1920, Marcus Garvey told other African American that they would never receive equality in the U.S. and to follow him where?
Africa
During Warren Harding's presidency, why did the American people start to distrust the federal government?
Because of Teapot Dome & other scandals
Did President Coolidge help struggling farmers during the 1920s?
No: If he gave them more money, they would grow more product, which added to surplus, which lowered priced further
Many rural Americans joined a religious movement known as Fundamentalism, which rejected Charles Darwin’s _____ .
Theory of Evolution
1922, New Orleans native _____ moved to Chicago & started jazz, a musical style influenced by Dixieland & ragtime, with syncopated rhythms & improvisations.
Louis Armstrong