Roaring 20s, pt. 1
Roaring 20s, pt. 2
Great Depression
New Deal
IDs
100

How did Americans react to Prohibition? Provide two examples

many resisted or found ways around the laws

bootlegging, moonshining, loopholes, etc.

100

What is fundamentalism? Provide an example

believed in a return to traditional religious ways of life - rejected modern developments like flappers, jazz, etc.

ex. Prohibition, women wearing more traditional clothing, etc.

100

In your own words, what is the Great Depression?

Answers will vary.

Generally, mass economic downturn for the US which results in about a decade of poverty and suffering for many communities throughout the country

100

True or false: The New Deal ended the Great Depression

False

100

Prohibition

Who: Temperance Movement/Carrie Nation/American Congress/fundamentalists/etc

What: prohibition of the transportation, distribution, and production of alcohol/ the "Noble Experiment"

When: 1920-1933 (1920s)

Where: United States

Why/Significance: fundamentalist reaction to longstanding issues in the US, especially crime - eventually falls out of favor when it results in the things it was trying to stop

200

ID: Popular Culture

Who: Musicians, actors, athletes, gangsters, etc.

What: popularity of figures/industries among the American public

When: growth of them during the 1920s

Where: US/Hollywood/etc

Why/Significance: part of the creation of a shared American experience which happens because of technological developments

200

What two policies led to Prohibiton?

Volstead Act

18th Amendment

200

ID: Herbert Hoover

Who: President of the United States

What: served during beginning of Great Depression

When: 1929-1933

Where: US

Why/Significance: his inaction possibly worsened the Depression for many Americans and made him widely unpopular

200

Explain the difference between the First and Second New Deal

First New Deal was focused on economic recovery of major businesses and agricultural, while the Second New Deal was focused on producing systemic reform which mostly benefitted the public and smaller farms

200

New Deal

Who: FDR/impoverished Americans/businesses/farmers/etc.

What: plan to help correct some of the economic issues of the Great Depression

When: Great Depression

Where: across America/urban cities/rural farms

Why/Significance: kickstarted the economy, gave many unemployed Americans jobs, helped farmers avoid foreclosure, fixed the banking crisis, etc.

300

Who were the Radium Girls? What process were they tied to?

women, most those working in factories, who were exposed to radiation poisoning from paints on cosmetic products and in makeup due to increased consumerism

300

What role did the flapper girls have on society?

Expressed new freedoms of women in the 1920s. Dressed and acted against traditional gender expectations.

300

List and explain the three policies passed at the beginning of the Depression

National Credit Corporation (NCC)

- Persuaded the nation’s largest banks to create a pool of private money to give to smaller banks to try to help the banking crisis

Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)

- $805 million to businesses (banks, railroads, state and local governments)

- Still not enough to meet the need

Emergency Relief and Construction Act

- $1.5 billion given to public works and $300 million loaned to the states

300

Name 3 significant impacts the New Deal had on the US and explain them

Physical Rehabilitation

- solutions to natural disasters

Human Rehabilitation

- gov't has responsibility to ensure social welfare

Revitalization of Politics

- executive branch is strengthened

Extension of Democracy

- modernized American gov't

Effects on the Depression

- alleviate some financial effects

300

Marcus Garvey

Who: Black political leader

What: believed in Pan-Africanism and the movement of people of African descent from the US to Africa

When: 1920s/Harlem Renaissance

Where: Harlem, NY

Why/Significance: his ideas became a prominent aspect of the Harlem Renaissance and would eventually be important during later Civil Rights Movements

400

How did radio changed American society? Provide 3 examples

created a shared American identity

connected urban and rural areas, led to the rise of jazz - "Jazz Age," created the "Golden Age of Sports," news channels, bedtime stories for kids, etc.

400

ID: John Scopes

Who: science teacher

What: Scopes Monkey Trial

When: 1920s

Where: Tennessee

Why/Significance: Scopes went to trial against state laws which outlawed the teaching of evolution in schools. Although he lost, the news of his case spread and made Americans more challenge fundamentalist teachings/policies - fundamentalists fought back harder

400

What was the American reaction to the government's response at the beginning of the Great Depression? Provide at least two examples.

Hoovervilles/Hoover Flags/Hoover Blankets/etc

- Hoover becomes associated with the Depression and the negative effects it has on Americans

Bonus Army

- WWI veterans march on Washington DC to demand their bonus from participating in the war

400

ID: fireside chats

Who: Franklin D. Roosevelt

What: radio broadcasts explaining policy decisions

When: 1930s/Great Depression/New Deal

Where: United States

Why/Significance: connected the president to the public

400

Dawes Plan

Who: US under Warren Harding/Germany/Allies

What: plan to solve issues of war payments

When: 1920s

Where: US/Germany

Why/Significance: meant the US could be repaid by Allies who were repaid by Germans via loan from US, improved relations w/ Germany

500

List two causes of the rise of consumerism during the 1920s and three effects

Causes:

- Republican Pro-business stance

- Abundant supplies of energy

- Wealth concentration 

- Demand for new electrical appliances

- New “wonder” materials – plastic

Effects

- assembly line

- shorter work days/higher wages

- Power of unions decreased

- auto industry explodes

- advertising becomes more idealized, less factual

- cultural shifts: music, media, arts, women's rights, Prohibition, Harlem Renaissance

500

Explain the influence your "Body Biography" subject had on the 1920s.

Answers will vary

Should address how they changed their industry and/or the cultural impact they had on American at this point

500

List and explain the causes of the Great Depression

Speculation

- guessing on what will happen to the stock market, often believing that it would make you a lot of money fast

- purchasing stock on margin

Stock Market Crash

- millions of people feared the stock market would eventually decrease and sold their stocks, leading to the crash and the collapse of the banking industry

Overproduction

- Industrialists believed that if they kept producing, they would keep selling. Eventually, things start to pile up as they go unsold and factories start closing, laying off millions of workers.

Underconsumption

- farmers fail to sell their surplus of crops, tanking their prices, and leading to the foreclosure of many farms

Unequal Distribution of Wealth

- most of the US's wealth is in the hands of the top 1%, economic gains during the 20s are mostly experienced by the wealthy and not those that need it

500

Explain what the following stand for and did:

AAA

SSA

SEC

FDIC

NRA

Agricultural Adjustment Act (AAA)

- Paid farmers to reduce production of basic crops

Social Security Act (SSA)
- aid to dependent children unemployment insurance pensions for retirees

Securities Exchange Commission (SEC)

- monitor Wall Street

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)

- insure bank deposits

National Recovery Act (NRA)

- price controls, high wages, and codes of fair competition

500

Harlem Renaissance

Who: predominantly Black creatives, writers, musicians

What: expression which highlights experiences of Black communities - both positive and negative

When: after WWI to around the mid-1930s

Where: Harlem, New York

Why/Significance: placed Black arts and politics at the forefront of American society and popular culture

M
e
n
u