Sedimentary and friends
How were sedimentary rocks formed?
through lithification. (process in which sediments compact under pressure and gradually become solid rock)
how were metamorphic rocks formed?
an igneous, a sedimentary, or a preexisting rock metamorphic rock that has been changed due to heat or pressure
How are igneous rocks formed?
they are formed when magma or lava cools and solidifies
True.
what is cementation?
deposition of minerals in pore spaces from waters carrying ions in solution.
what is clastic?
it is fragment of rock, usually rounded by wind or running water
what is Recrystallization?
a process in which rocks undergo change without true melting.
what is the difference between magma and lava?
Lava is the molten rock on the surface of the earth and magma is the molten rock beneath the surface of the earth.
True or False: rocks changed due to contact are foliated
False. rocks changed due to contact are NOT foliated
what is compaction?
pressure or weight of overlying sediments
What is sediment?
loose particles from weathering (breaking down) of pre-existing rocks (Some sediment is formed through chemical and biological processes) {Sediment = Particles = Grains}
what is foliation?
when the minerals are aligned in rocks such that they are easy to split
Where are extrusive igneous rocks formed?
Inside of the earth
True or False: you can tell what an Igneous rock is by its texture.
True.
Are igneous rocks classified by their texture?
Yes.
do sedimentary rocks contain fossils?
Yes!
can strata become distorted?
Yes. Strata may become distorted, new minerals may form, and crystals may grow. This sometimes happens in folding.
Where are intrusive igneous rocks found?
On the outside of the earth.
True or false: Strata is not layers of sediments.
False! Strata is layers of sediment.
Are Sedimentary rocks classified by their texture?
What are evaporites?
form when water evaporates and leaves minerals behind (rock salt or rock gypsum)
what is Mineral Alignment?
minerals may separate into light and dark bands within a metamorphic rock (Isn’t that gneiss?:0)
What is Crystallization?
When molten lava or magma cools and forms a solid composed of intergrown mineral crystals.
True or false: The two types of metamorphic rocks are contact metamorphic and regional metamorphic.
True!
Are metamorphic rocks classified by their texture?
No.