Minerals (p. 16 ESRT)
This mineral has a metallic luster, a hardness of 6.5, and is known as "fool's gold."
What is pyrite?
This is a common extrusive igneous rock that is black and very glassy.
What is obsidian?
Sedimentary rocks are made of this.
What is sediment?
These are the 2 things needed to form metamorphic rocks.
What are heat and pressure?
Any rock can become an igneous rock by doing this.
What is melting and solidifying?
This test shows the color powder a mineral leaves behind.
This is the term used to describe air pockets in an extrusive igneous rock.
What is vesicular?
This sedimentary rock is considered clastic and consists of clay sized particles.
What is shale?
Metamorphic rocks undergo these 2 types of metamorphism.
What are regional and contact metamorphism?
Any rock can become metamorphic with these 2 things.
What is heat and pressure?
This mineral is white to green in color, and can be scratched by almost any other mineral (very soft).
What is talc?
What is magma (or lava)?
This is the reason why fossils are rarely found in other types of rock other than sedimentary.
The formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks destroys the fossils.
This foliated metamorphic rock is known for having banding, or stripes.
What is gneiss?
Any rock can become sedimentary if it is broken down (weathered) and then this happens.
What is compaction and cementation?
This test of a mineral shows how a mineral will break into flat planes.
What is cleavage?
This is the term for igneous rocks that are formed BENEATH the Earth's surface.
What are intrusive rocks?
This sedimentary rock contains the mineral calcite and its grain size can range from microscopic to very coarse. It is also what many caves are composed of.
What is limestone?
This metamorphic rock is formed from the metamorphism of limestone or dolostone.
What is marble?
All rocks are made up of these.
What are minerals?
The chemical composition of this mineral contains only the 2 most common elements found in Earth's crust by mass (use page 1, then page 16).
What is quartz (SiO2)?
This intrusive igneous rock is felsic, coarse grained, and may contain the minerals feldspar, quartz, and biotite.
What is granite?
These are three different ways to classify sedimentary rocks based on texture.
Clastic, bioclastic, and crystalline.
This type of metamorphism applied at varying degrees can transform shale into slate, phyllite, schist, or gneiss. It is also the type of metamorphism associated with mountain building.
What is regional?
This is the way rocks change from one type to another.
What is the rock cycle?