Definitions
What is the difference between magma and lava?
magma - inside the earth
lava - outside the earth
What is an example of Sedimentary rock?
Conglomerate limestone
Sandstone Rock Salt
Shale Coal
Breccia
What is an example of a metamorphic rock?
Marble
Quartzite
Schist
Slate
Gneiss
What is an example of an Igneous Rock?
ex.)
granite
obsidian
basalt
pumice
a continuous process in which one rock type changes into another type
What is the order or making a sedimentary rock? use the following vocab terms.
cementation, erosion, weathering, sediments, and compaction
Rocks are WEATHERED into SEDIMENTS that will be moved through the process of EROSION to a new place (ex. flood plain, river bed, sand dunes). These sediments are then COMPACTED together due to them piling up on each other. Over millions of years, they are CEMENTED together, creating a sedimentary rock.
What are the three ways metamorphic rocks can be heated?
1) the friction from earth's plates
2) pressure deep within earth's crust; being close to the mantle
3) radioactive decay
What are the two types of heat sources that are used to make igneous rocks?
Magma - intrusive igneous
lava - extrusive igenous
S - formed from sediments that are eroded from mountains and lithified
M - formed from intense heat and pressure that cook the existing rock
I - formed from magma that cools and solidifies
What are the three types of sedimentary rocks? Define each of them.
Clastic - made from other rock particles
Organic - made from the remains of plants and animals
Chemical - made from dissolved minerals in a solution and their molecules change shape
What are the two types of metamorphic rock? Define each of them.
Foliated - rocks that have ribbon-like layers
non-foliated - rocks that its mineral grains were arranged randomly
What are the two types of igneous rocks? define and give a fact about the characteristics that each of these rocks posses.
Intrusive - magma that cools and hardens SLOWLY
- large grains
- can have crystals
extrusive - lava that cools and hardens QUICKLY
- small grains
- gas bubbles or glassy surface
sample answer: the wind blowing sand
Explain how an Igneous rock can become a sedimentary rock.
Igneous rock is weathered into sediments and eroded to a new place where sediments buildup on each other. They are then compacted and cemented together to create sedimentary rock.
Explain how a sedimentary rock can become a metamorphic rock.
Sedimentary rock is put under pressure and heat is applied, creating a metamorphic rock.
Explain how a metamorphic rock can become an igneous rock?
the rock will be melted into magma/lava. then the rock is cooled to become an igneous rock