The Rock Cycle
Made up of a mixture of minerals, organic
matter, or other material
Rock
Magma reaches the surface flows from a
volcano as ____________
Lava
_____________ and ______________
result from one layer of rock on top of
another layer.
heat and pressure
Type of rock mostly found on the
exposed surface of Earth.
Sedimentary Rock
What is an epi-centre?
the surface location directly above the focus. Surface waves travel out from the epi-centre
A model showing the processes that
create and change rock.
Rock Cycle
Magma trapped below the surface forms
large – grained ______________ rock
when it cools.
Intrusive
Sometime temperature and pressure are
great enough to melt rock, forming
______________.
magma
Sedimentary Rocks form in __________ .
Layers/Striations
Which layer is the thickest?
Mantle
_________ rock can be changed by heat
and pressure into metamorphic rock.
Sedimentary Rock
Magma cooling at or near Earth’s surface
forms small-grained __________ igneous
rock.
Extrusive
If Igneous rock undergoes INTENSE heat
and pressure, it transforms into _______.
Metamorphic Rock
Rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits
of plants and animal remains moved by
wind, water, ice or gravity are called
_________________.
Sediments
What are the three types of erosion and an example of each?
Mechanical - frost wedging or the physical break down of the rock
Chemical - acid rain
Biological - break down of rock caused by living organisms
__________ rock can be broken into
fragments that may later form
sedimentary rock.
Igneous Rock
Igneous rocks are classified in 2 ways.
______________
______________
Intrusive and Extrusive
If metamorphic rocks were to be
described by how it reflects light, what
quality would be described?
lustre
Where are the two main places sedimentary rock can form?
on land and at the bottom of the ocean
Why is the inner core of the Earth not liquid?
Because of the intense pressure from the surrounding layers
______ rock can melt and cool to form
igneous rock.
Metamorphic Rock
Volcanic rock __________ so
quickly that few crystals form.
cools
Through the process of weathering and
erosion, metamorphic rock is transformed
into…
sediments
A sedimentary rock that comprises most of
the Rocky Mountains is called ____________. We have lots of it here in Alberta and its used for building.
Limestone
What are the four layers of the Earth?
Crust, mantle, outer core, inner core