Rock Types
How are igneous rocks formed?
By cooling magma
What is it called when a rock becomes a liquid after being subjected to heat/pressure?
Melting
What is another term for rock stress?
weathering
Which kind of engineer focuses on learning about the Earth?
a geological engineer
What is the study of rocks called?
Geology
Which type of rock is made from layers of different rocks that are compacted and cemented together?
Sedimentary rock
What happens when metamorphic rock melts and then cools?
It becomes magma and then forms an igneous rock
Rock stresses break down rocks into what?
Sediments
What is physical weathering?
Physical actions that break down a rock
What is the hardest rock on earth?
Diamond
How is metamorphic rock formed?
Existing rock is changed by heat and/or pressure
What is it called when the minerals in a liquid (water or magma) come together to form a rock?
Crystallization
What is compressional stress?
What is one reason engineers might need to know about rocks?
to build safe and strong bridges, roads, and tunnels
What is the name of a famous ancient circular rock monument in England?
Stonehenge
Crystallization is the process that creates what type of rock?
Igneous
How are igneous rocks transformed into metamorphic rock?
By applying heat and pressure
What is tensional stress?
The stress that pulls two rocks apart
What kind of engineer is responsible for making sure a bridge is correctly designed and built?
a civil and/or structural engineer
What is the scale we use to determine the hardness of a rock?
The Mohs Scale
Compaction is the process that creates what type of rock?
Sedimentary
What is it called when layers of sediment become pressed together over time?
Compaction
When does shear stress occur?
Between two rocks when one is being pushed in one direction and the other is being pulled in the opposite direction
What is it called when layers of minerals are compressed into flat layers in metamorphic rocks, creating a pattern?
Foliation
Diamonds and graphite are both made out of what element?
Carbon