Cat. 1
Which BEST describes how igneous rocks form?
A. Magma from inside earth cools and hardens
B. Many small rocks collect over time and harden into one.
C. Rocks absorb minerals deposited by rain.
D. Mountains push down on lower layers of rock
A. Magma from inside earth cools and hardens
Which type of igneous rock forms from lava that erupted on Earth's surface?
A. intrusive rock
B. extrusive rock
C. clastic rock
D. sedimentary rock
B. extrusive rock
A series of processes on Earth's surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly changes from one kind go another is called...
A. crystallization
B. solidification
C. the rock cycle
D. metamorphism
C. the rock cycle
Extrusive igneous rocks has small grains because...
A. it cooled slowly
B. it cooled quickly
C. have three minerals
D. hardened underground
B. it cooled quickly
Which statement is true?
A. The length of time it takes for magma or lava to cool has nothing to do with the size of the crystals
B. The longer the magma takes to cool, the large the crystals will be.
C. The quicker the lava cools, the larger the crystals will be.
D. The quicker the magma cools, the larger the crystals will be.
B. The longer the magma takes to cool, the larger the crystals will be.
Geologists classify metamorphic rock according to the arrangement of grain: foliated and ______________.
A. vesicular
B. nonfoliated
C. glassy
D. fine-grained
B. nonfoliated
Rock that forms from the cooling of magma below the surface is called an...
A. sedimentary rock
B. extrusive rock
C. metamorphic rock
D. intrusive rock
D. intrusive rock
Which of the following is the material from which sedimentary rocks are formed?
A. magma from the mantle
B. an existing rock going through heat and pressure
C. sediments or the weathered remains of other rocks
D. lava from volcanic eruptions
C. sediments or the weathered remains of other rocks
The molten rock that is beneath the surface of the Earth is...
A. lava
B. sediments
C. crystallization
D. magma
D. magma
Which is the correct order for sedimentary rocks to form?
A. cementation, compaction, deposition, erosion, weathering.
B. weathering, compaction, deposition, cementation, erosion
C. weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
D. compaction, cementation, erosion, deposition, weathering
C. weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
The texture of a metamorphic rock that has grains arranged in parallel or banded layers is described as...
A. nonfoliated
B. foliated
C. course-grained
D. jagged grain
B. foliated
The process by which sediment settles out or drops out of the water or wind carrying it is...
A. compaction
B. deposition
C. cementation
D. erosion
B. deposition
Fossils are most commonly found in __________ rock.
A. metamorphic
B. sedimentary
C. igneous
D. intrusive
B. sedimentary
The weathered pieces of rocks, plants, or animals are known as...
A. compaction
B. erosion
C. crystallization
D. sediments
D. sediments
Which of Earth's layers is made up of solid rocks?
A. mantle
B. inner core
C. crust
D. outer core
C. crust
Justin has an igneous rock in his collection. Where did this rock most likely form?
A. on the ocean floor
B. in a volcano
C. on a forest floor
D. on a coral reef
B. in a volcano
The process by which rocks are broken down into sediment is called...
A. weathering
B. erosion
C. deposition
D. compaction
A. weathering
What do all rocks have in common?
A. All rocks have the same texture
B. All rocks have the same color
C. All rocks are made of one or more minerals
D. All rocks are the same size
C. All rocks are made of one or more minerals
The process in which sediments are carried away by wind or water is known as...
A. cementation
B. deposition
C. erosion
D. weathering
C. erosion
According to the rock cycle, how is magma formed?
A. Melting
B. cooling
C. weathering
D. compaction and cementation
A. Melting
Marble is a nonfoliated metamorphic rock which means...
A. that its grains are banded
B. that its grains are stacked like pancakes
C. that its grains are randomly arranged
D. that it has no grains
C. that its grains are randomly arranged
The heat that changes a rock into metamorphic rock comes from...
A. the sun
B. movements in the crust
C. chemical rocks in the crust
D. deep in the earth from the mantle
D. deep in the earth from the mantle
Which statement about metamorphic rocks is correct?
A. They are formed from sedimentary rocks only
B. They are formed from all types of rock when exposed to heat and pressure
C. They are formed when rocks are heated until they melt and become magma
D. They are formed when molten rock cools and hardens
B. They are formed from all types of rock when exposed to heat and pressure
The process in which minerals crystallize and glue sediment together to make a rock is known as...
A. cementation
B. compaction
C. erosion
D. deposition
A. cementation
According to the rock cycle, which process CANNOT happen?
A. igneous rock---> heat and/or pressure---> metamorphic rock
B. Igneous rock --> Weathering and erosion--> compaction and cementation ---> sedimentary rock
C. Metamorphic rock ---> melting ---> cooling ---> Igeneous rock
D. Sedimentary ---> melting ---> cooling ---> metamorphic rock
D. Sedimentary rock ---> melting ---> cooling ---> metamorphic rock