a mineral is naturally formed solid matter with what structure?
What is crystal
100
Igneous rock is formed when what cools inside the Earth? Outside of the Earth?
What is magma (inside). What is lava (outside)
100
Sediment is usually formed by ____________, which is the breaking down of rock and _________, which is the transportation of material.
What is weathering and what is erosion.
100
Metamorphic rock is formed by heat and ________.
What is pressure.
100
What are the 2 most abundant elements in Earth's crust?
What is Oxygen and what is Silicon.
200
A rock is a solid mixture of crystals of one or more what?
What are Minerals
200
What are the 2 types of igneous rocks that can form?
What is intrusive igneous rock and extrusive igneous rock.
200
List 3 types of sedimentary features.
What is:
Cross-Bedding, Graded Bedding, Mud Cracks, Ripple Marks, Fossils
200
Metamorphic rock can be formed only where on the Earth?
(Inside/outside/either)
What is inside.
200
______ is the tendency of a mineral to break into flat surfaces. _______ is the tendency of a mineral to break into other forms other than flat surfaces.
What is Cleavage and what is Fracture.
300
What are particles that make up an atom?
What is:
-proton
-neutron
-electron
300
What determines crystal size of igneous rocks?
What is speed of cooling.
300
________ sedimentary rocks have evaporated from solution. ________ sedimentary rocks come from living material. ________ sedimentary rocks are made up of pre-existing fragments.
What is Chemical, Organic, Clastic.
300
_________ is common in metamorphic rocks, where minerals re-align and form parallel layers.
What is foliation.
300
_______ _______ are minerals that are composed of atoms from a single element.
What is Native Element.
400
List 4 ways to identify mineral compositions.
What is:
hardness, specific gravity, luster, color, streak, cleavage/ fracture
400
When magma cools slowly is forms __________ grained rocks.
When magma cools quickly it forms _________ grained rocks.
What is coarse
What is fine
400
List the following sediments from smallest to largest.
(Silt, Gravel, Clay, Sand)
What is:
clay, silt, sand, gravel.
400
What do foliated metamorphic rocks have?
What are bands.
400
What is the difference between atomic number and atomic mass?
What is:
Protons -- atomic number
Protons + Neutrons -- atomic mass
500
What are the 2 ways minerals form?
What is crystallization of magma/ lava and what is crystallization of materials in water (dissolved)