Rock Cycle
What process turns any rock into sediments?
What is weathering and erosion?
Igneous rocks form when what substance cools and hardens?
What is magma or lava?
Which sedimentary rock is made of the smallest particles: sand, silt, or clay?
What is shale (clay-sized particles)?
Metamorphic rocks form when existing rocks undergo what?
What is heat and pressure?
Which rock type is most likely to contain fossils?
What is sedimentary rock?
What type of rock forms when sediments are compacted and cemented?
What is sedimentary rock?
Which cools faster: intrusive or extrusive igneous rocks?
What are extrusive rocks?
Clastic sedimentary rocks are classified based on what property?
What is grain/particle size?
What texture describes minerals aligned into bands or stripes?
What is foliated texture?
What sediment size requires the highest water velocity to be carried: sand, silt, or boulders?
What are boulders?
What must happen for metamorphic rock to become igneous rock?
What is melting followed by cooling? (Metamorphic → melt → magma → igneous.)
What texture forms when lava cools very quickly, producing no visible crystals?
What is a glassy texture?
Rock salt and rock gypsum form through what process?
What is evaporation?
Marble forms from the metamorphism of what sedimentary rock?
What is limestone?
Which metamorphic rock contains visible mica crystals and a shiny surface—slate, phyllite, or schist?
What is phyllite or schist (depending on grade), but the shiny surface is phyllite
What energy source inside Earth drives metamorphism?
What are heat and pressure?
Light-colored igneous rocks rich in aluminum and silicon are called what?
What are felsic rocks?
What type of sedimentary rock forms from once-living material, like shells or plant remains?
What is bioclastic?
Which type of metamorphism occurs when magma heats surrounding rock?
What is contact metamorphism?
How does Marble form?
What is the through contact/regional metamorphism of sandstone?
How is the rock cycle like recycling aluminum cans/aluminum items?
The rock cycle is like recycling because different substances can be transformed into other things.
Which igneous environment produces very coarse crystals over 10 mm?
What is intrusive/slow cooling magma (pegmatite)?
What three processes shape and transport surface rock pieces into sediments?
What are weathering, erosion, and deposition?
Gneiss forms from high-grade metamorphism and shows what key feature?
What is banding/segregated mineral layers?
What is the difference between contact metamorphism and regional metamorphism?
What is contact is through heating (volcanic plume, pluton and etc.) regional is through pressure.