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What do you call the solid materials that make up the outer layer of Earth?
Rocks
100
What do you call scientists that study the Earth and rocks?
Geologists
100
the building blocks of rocks
minerals
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What are the 3 main kinds of rocks?
Igneous, Sedimentary, and Metamorphic rocks
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Melted rock beneath Earth's surface.
magma
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Magma that reaches the surface.
lava
200
Naturally occurring substances that are neither plants or animals.
minerals
200
This property is the way light bounces off the mineral.
luster
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This property comes from rubbing a mineral gently across a tile or plate.
streak
200
Rocks formed from hot, molten rock materials.
igneous rocks
300
How can you tell that an igneous rock cooled slowly beneath Earth's surface?
The rock will have larger mineral grains or crystals.
300
Why do rocks made from lava have smaller mineral grains?
They cooled very quickly when the lava came in contact with air.
300
Name a kind of intrusive igneous rock. Name a kind of extrusive igneous rock.
Granite and Basalt
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What are "extrusive igneous rocks"?
Rocks that cooled quickly from lava on the outside of a volcano.
300
What does "intrusive" igneous rocks mean?
Rocks formed from magma deep inside the Earth.
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How can you tell the relative age of a sedimentary rock?
The bottom layer is the oldest layer and the top layer is the youngest layer.l
400
Rocks formed from smaller bits of rock cemented together when the bits settle in liquid.
sedimentary rocks
400
What are 4 properties used to identify rocks?
color, luster, streak, hardness
400
What two things cause metamorphic rocks to form?
heat and pressure
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This type of rock forms from the shells of dead sea animals.
limestone
500
metamorphic rocks are classified into what two groups?
banded and nonbanded
500
What do you call the never ending process by which rocks are changed?
rock cycle
500
How do we know that humans did not live during the age of the dinosaurs?
No human fossils have been found in the same layer as the dinorsaurs.
500
What do fossil ferns found in polar regions tell us about Earth's history?
The polar regions were once much warmer than they are today.
500
What are 3 ways that people use rocks?
for statues, building, roads, gravestones, jewelry
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