The rock cycle
what is a rock
A mixture of minerals, rock fragments, volcanic glass, organic matter, and other natural materials
what is a igneous rock
rock formed when magma or lava cools and hardens
what is a metamorphic rock
forms when heat, pressure, or fluids act on igneous, sedimentary, or other metamorphic rock to change its form or composition, or both
what is a sediment
loose materials, such as rock fragments,mineral grains, and the remains of once-living plants and animals, that have been moved by wind, water, ice, or gravity.
what is the rock cycle
model that describes how rocks slowly change from one form to another through time
what is an Extrusive rock
describes fine-grained igneous rock that forms when magma cools quickly at or near Earth's surface
what is a Foliated rock
describes metamorphic rock, such as slate and gneiss, whose mineral grains line up in parallel layers
what is a sedimentary rock
Forms when sediments are compacted and cemented together or when minerals form from solutions.
what can sediments turn into
sedimentary rocks
what is Lava
molten rock that flows from volcanoes onto Earth's surface
what is a Nonfoliated rock
describes metamorphic rock, such as quartzite or marble, whose mineral grains grow and rearrange but generally do not form layers
compaction
process that forms sedimentary rocks when layers of sediments are compressed by the weight of the layers above them
what can lava turn into
igneous rock
what is a Basaltic rock
Describes dense, dark-colored igneous rock formed from magma rich in magnesium and iron and poor in silica.
what is an Andesitic Rocks
have mineral
compositions between those of basaltic and granitic rocks.
what is cementation
sedimentary rock-forming process in which sediment grains are held together by natural cements that are produced when water moves through rock and soil
who discovered the rock cycle
James Hutton
what is a intrusive rock
describes a type of igneous rock that generally contains large crystals and forms when magma cools slowly beneath Earth's surface
which is a type of extrusive rock: Obsidian, Andesite, or Basalt.
all
what is Weathering and Erosion
When rock is exposed to air, water, or ice, it is unstable and breaks down chemically and mechanically. is called weathering.
The movement of weathered material is called erosion.