Rockstar
Name the three types of rocks
Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
The word "igneous" comes from the Latin word ignis. What does it mean?
Fire
Particles of minerals, rock fragments, shells, leaves, bones, and other remains of once-living things
Sediments
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Formed when the structure of existing rocks change due to heat, pressure, or chemical reactions
The process by which one rock type changes to another
The rock cycle`
What is a rock?
A hard substance made of one or more minerals
How are igneous rocks formed?
From cooled and hardened magma or lava
How are sedimentary rocks formed?
From sediments that have been compacted and cemented together
The process of change in the structure and constitution of a rock
Metamorphism
What causes igneous rocks to wear away into small particles called sediments?
Erosion
Why do rocks such as obsidian have a smooth, glassy texture?
They were formed by lava that cooled too rapidly to create crystals
What is the difference between magma and lava?
Magma is molten rock beneath the earth's surface while lava is molten rock that has reached earth's surface
The process that transforms rocky fragments into sedimentary rocks through compaction and cementation
Lithification
Occurs when the heat of magma invades existing rocks
Contact metamorphism
Lithification involves what two processes that turn sediments into sedimentary rocks?
Compaction and cementation
Which type of igneous rock has finer crystals: Extrusive or intrusive?
Extrusive
What are intrusive rocks?
Igneous rock that form when magma cools beneath the earth's surface
These rocks are made of separate rock particles and fragments that were eroded from an older rock
Clastic rocks
Occurs when large pieces of the Earth’s crust rub against each other, causing heat and pressure to change existing rock
Regional metamorphism
How can metamorphic rocks become igneous rocks?
Metamorphic rocks deep beneath earth's surface can be melted by magma, which later cools into igneous rocks
Quartz is the most common mineral in what rock?
Sandstone
What are extrusive rocks?
Igneous rocks that from when lava cools on the earth's surface
Sedimentary rocks composed of minerals that were once in water
Chemical sedimentary rocks
What is rearranged within an original rock when a metamorphic rock is formed
Mineral crystals
Name the FIVE materials involved in the rock cycle
Magma/lava, igneous rock, sediments, sedimentary rocks, metamorphic rocks