Basic Geology
What are the three main groups of rocks
Sedimentary, Igneous, Metamorphic
what type of main rock is sandstone
what type of main rock is shale
sedimentary
What type of main rock is schist
metamorphic
How are sedimentary rocks formed
When warm water runs through sand, and the sand is compacted or cemented together.
how is sandstone formed
When sand gets compacted or cemented together
How is shale formed
When mud is compacted or cemented together
How is schist formed
Schist, an metamorphic rock, is formed by the metamorphosis of mudstone/shale and some other igneous rocks, past the level of slate.
How are igneous rocks formed
When molten rock hardens and cools.
What is one way that sandstone affects the environment.
Sandstone if a very beneficial natural water filter. With its pores helping filter surface pollutants.
Sandstone walls are often cheaper than concrete structures and are beneficial to the natural habitat encouraging and supporting the natural ecosystems of rivers, creeks, lakes and coastlines.
Sandstone can also harm waterways though, through sediment pollution (when sediment from sandstone gets in waterways and pollutes the waterway)
What is one way that shale affects the environment
>Shale dont trap water very well, but can still be along the outsides of wells.
>Black shales are natural sources of soil and water contamination.
>Shale can trap gasses and oils, and when those oils are extracted there can be very negative impacts on the environment.(discussed on next slide)
what is one way that schist affects the environment
>Schist is used in building houses.
>Schist soil can sustain high temperatures, has good drainage, and is resistant to weathering and erosion.
>As a disposal of mining schist has a negative impact on the environment and humans, but does not impact plants to a large extent.
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
When rocks change due extreme heat and pressure.