The Rock Cycle
What is the rock cycle?
The rock cycle is a cycle that shows that rocks are always changing.
Igneous rocks are formed by...
Magma cooling and hardening.
Metamorphic rocks are formed by...
Great heat and pressure.
Sedimentary rock is formed by...
Sediments compacting and hardening.
Who discovered the rock cycle?
James Hutton.
The three types of igneous rock are: intrusive, extrusive, and volcanic glass.
What are the conditions for metamorphic rock to form?
1. Must be a rock already.
2. Must have great heat and pressure, but not so much as to melt the rock.
3. Must happen deep in Earth's crust (will move to surface over time.
What are the steps for sedimentary rock to form?
1. weathering - the rocks will break apart by ice, wind, and water.
2. erosion - the rock sediments will move to other places by water or wind.
3. depositions - the sediments will settle in layers at the bottom of bodies of water
4a. compaction- pressure compacts the rock sediments together.
4b. cementation - dissolved minerals act as cement and cement the sediments together.
What rocks are in the rock cycle?
Igneous rock, Metamorphic rock, and Sedimentary rock.
What are the three classifications of igneous rock?
The three classifications of igneous rocks are: Basaltic, Andesitic, and Granatic.
What are the two classifications for metamorphic rocks?
The two classifications are foliated and non-foliated.
sandstone, shale, limestone, gypsum, conglomerate, and breccia.
What are some things that rocks can form into that are not rocks?
Rocks can melt down into magma, and they can break down into sediments.
Basaltic igneous rock has iron and magnesium in them.
What is an example of non-foliated rock?
Marble.
What does limestone usually contain?
Limestone usually contains fossils and small shells.
What is the Theory of Uniformitarianism?
The Theory of Uniformitarianism is the idea that geological forces are working that same in the preset as they have in the past.
What minerals do grantic igneous rocks have in them?
Granatic igneous rocks have silica in them
What is an example of foliated rock?
Slate.
Sedimentary rock usually looks like...
Layers of differently coloured rock.