texture of rocks
imprints of leaves shells insects orother items in the rock
fossils
How hot does it need to be to melt rock into magma
1,100 and 2,400 degrees Fahrenheit
what rock can have fossils
Limestone
what is created from lava that cools so quickly that no crystals can form on its surface
obsidian
Which type of rock does igneous rock morph into due to pressure and heat
metamorphic
holes in the rock
gas bubbles
Define weathering and erosion
the processes of breakdown and transport due to exposure to the environment
what rock is made up of pebbles, stones, and smaller particles pressed together
Conglomerate
what rock bubbles from hot lava from a volcano contains gases that escape from the rock as the lava cools
basalt
what rock is formed when limestone is pushed down into the earth with intense heat and pressure
marble
straight and wavy stripes of different color in the rock
ribbon-like layers
Who was the founder of modern geology
james hutton
How is sediment transported
wind and water
How is igneous rock formed
Any rock that forms from the cooling of magma is an igneous rock
what rock forms from other rocks that have been squeezed and heated for a long time deep within the earth’s crust.
gneiss
a shiny and smooth surface like colored glass
glassy surface
What distance below the Earth’s surface are the temperatures hot enough to melt most rocks
100 and 200 kilometers
Which type of rock does compacting and cementing create
sedimentary rock
What type of rock is formed when lava cools quickly on Earth’s surface
extrusive igneous rock
Define metamorphism
tons of other rocks pressing down on it from above; heat and pressure usually work together to alter the rocks under the earth's surface
small flat surface that are shiny or sparkly like tiny mirrors
crystals
What additional factor works with temperature to transform rocks
pressure
How are sedimentary rocks formed
from particles of sand shells pebble and other fragments
What rock forms when magma cooled slowly beneath the Earth’s surface
intrusive igneous rock
What does metamorphic rock change into when melted
magma