Igneous Rocks
How do igneous rocks form?
By cooling lava or magma.
How to sedimentary rocks form?
Compaction and cementation
How do metamorphic rocks form?
Heat and pressure
What is the rock cycle?
The series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock.
What are the two types of igneous rock?
Intrusive and extrusive
What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?
Clastic, chemical, and biochemical (organic)
What are the two types of metamorphic rock?
Foliated and nonfoliated
How is a rock's texture determined?
By observing the size, shape, and pattern of the grains.
Which type of igneous rock has the largest crystals?
Intrusive
How do chemical rocks form?
When minerals crystallize directly from water
What is metamorphism?
Why is there no beginning or end to the rock cycle?
Because it is an ongoing process, it has never stopped or began.
What causes holes to form in extrusive igneous rock?
Gases
What is the difference between a chemical and biochemical sedimentary rock?
Biochemical rocks are formed by organisms or contain the remains of organisms
What is the difference between contact metamorphism and regional metamorphism?
Contact is when magma comes in contact with existing rock
Regional metamorphism is when huge metamorphic rocks are created
What is the difference between compaction and cementation?
Compaction is the weight from layers of sediment forcing out fluids
Cementation is when minerals dissolved in water crystallize between sediment grains
What is the difference between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks?
Intrusive are formed from cooling magma, they have large crystals because it takes a long time to cool
Extrusive are formed from cooling lava, they have small crystals because they cool quickly
What defined a carbonate rock?
It contains carbon and oxygen
What type of metamorphic rock is slate an example of?
Foliated
Put these processes in order: erosion, compaction, deposition, weathering
Weathering
Erosion
Deposition
Compaction