Vocabulary
A fold that bends upward in an arch.
measure of an earthquake's strength based on seismic waves and movement along faults.
What is magnitude.
Where do Earthquakes most often occur?
How is Igneous rock formed and classified
Melted magma
texture, composition, origin
What cycle drives erosion and weathering? Explain
Water Cycle- rain, floods, freezing
A smaller earthquake that occurs after a larger earthquake in the same area.
What is Richter Scale
Define epicenter, focus, and fualt
epicenter- the point on the Earth's surface directly above the focus.
focus- the point at which the rock first breaks and moves.
fault-a break in the lithosphere
What are 2 types of metamorphic rock and how are they formed?
Contact- Heat bakes surrounding rock
Regional- larger volumes of rock squeezed, buried, and heated
What is soil composed of?
rock particles, minerals, organic material, water, and air
The shaking and trembling that results from the movement of rock beneath Earth's surface.
What is an Earthquake
What is a seismic wave.
What are 4 things that can cause an earthquake?
1. Eruption of a volcano
2. Collapse of a Cavern
3. Impact of a meteorite
4. Strain built up along boundaries between plates
What are the two main ways of weathering rock? Explain
Chemical- affected by water, carbon dioxide, oxygen, and acid.
Physical- rocks broken apart by ice, etc.
Explain how soil gets mixed, what helps with this, and why it is important.
Earthworms- consume humus
important- adds oxygen and makes it permeable for water.
A bend in rock that forms when compression shortens and thickens part of the crust
What is a fold.
An instrument used to measure and record the vibrations of seismic waves
What is a seismograph
Why is it so difficult to create a warning system for earthquakes?
What are the 3 types of sedimentary rock? Explain them.
Clastic- Pre-existing rocks broken down into smaller particles.
Chemical- A result of physical and chemical processes.
Biogenic- fossil fuels are compressed remains of plants and oil made by bacteria.
A kind of stress that pushes a mass of rock in two opposite directions
What is shearing
Soft, loose soil that turns into liquid mud to to violent shaking of the earthquake.
what is liquifaction
A force that acts on rocks to change its shape or volume.
Describe the 3 types of waves
P-waves- Fastest, push and pull, travel through any material.
S- Waves- 1/2 the speed of P-waves, back and forth, travel only through solids.
Surface Waves- travel along Earth's surface, love waves and Raleigh waves
Use words to explain how two types of rock turn into other types.
Answers will vary
What are the 3 types of rocks? Explain them
Memory Work