SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
Give two examples of sedimentary rock. (Ones we learned in class).
Conglomerate, sandstone, limestone, siltstone, shale, coal, fossil limestone, gypsum, halite.
Give two examples of Igneous Rocks
granite, gabbro, rhyolite, pumice, basalt, obsidian
Give two examples of metamorphic rock.
slate, phyloite, schist, gneiss, marble, and quartzite
How are rocks and minerals a like
rocks and minerals are solids and formed in nature.
E D C B A What Layer above is the oldest layer if undisturbed?Why?
By the definition of superposition, the bottom layer is the oldest because it would be the first layer deposited.
What is the difference between magma and lava? In your explanation, be sure to talk about intrusive and extrusive.
Intrusive rocks are formed by magma slowly cooling below the earth's surface. Extrusive rocks are formed by lava quickly cooling above the earth's surface.
What is metamorphism?
Metamorphism is where rock changes shape due to extreme heat and/or pressure.
What type of rock can a sedimentary rock form into?
Any other type of rock, sedimentary, metamorphic, and/or igneous rock.
What type of rock would fossils most likely be formed in? Why?
Fossils are found in sedimentary rocks because they are deposited in layers burying the organisms. Also the process of forming metamorphic and igneous rock would destroy the evidence of the organism.
weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
List and explain the process that form igneous rock.
Extreme heat from the mantle of the Earth forms igneous rock.
Which rock type(s) can change to metamorphic rock form.
Sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rock
Explain how a metamorphic rock will form. (make sure to use the vocabulary term metamorphism in your explanation.)
Metamorphic rock changes shape or goes through metamorphism when extreme heat and/or pressure changes the rock.
List four of the seven different ways fossils form.
Fossils formed in rock, Fossils in amber, Fossils in asphalt/tar, Petrification, Fossils in ice, Mold and Cast, Trace Fossils.
Give 3 different examples of erosion and deposition can take place.
Wind-picks up pieces of sand/sediment Water-carries sand, sediment, or rock. Ice-water is freezing in cracks or holes of rock and expanding causing the crack or hole to get larger. Gravity-causes rocks to fall and hit other rocks powdering the rocks/breaking them into small rocks. Plants-roots wind their way into cracks and holes of rocks expanding the building pressure til eventually they crack and break into smaller rocks. Animals-burrow into the soil causing more water and space for the rocks to break down by water.
Where do igneous rocks form? What percent of the Earth's crust is made of igneous rock?
Igneous rock form above and below the Earth's surface. Igneous rock make up a majority of the crust and 60% of the Earth.
List and explain the two textures of Metamorphic Rock
Foliated is where minerals form in bands/planes. Non-Foliated is where the minerals are not arranged in bands or planes.
Explain how igneous rocks form (make sure to include extrusive, intrusive,solidification/solidifies, magma, and lava in your explanation.)
Igneous rocks form below the surface or intrusively when magma cools and solidifies. Igneous rock forms above the surface or extrusively when lava cools and solidifies.
What does it mean if evidence of sea life is found in the desert?
That the desert was once under water.
Rock type(s) that can change into sedimentary rock.
What is sedimentary, metamorphic and igneous rock
List two different igneous rock textures.
Coarse grained the crystals/grains No Grained or Glassy
Explain (think back to our metamorphic rock activity) how sedimentary rock layers can form into metamorphic rock. Explain from the start to the finish.
Sedimentary rock layers form from weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, and cementation. Then magma rises heating up the lake bed and increasing the pressure. This rise in pressure causes the rock to change shape and form a metamorphic rock.
Explain how Sedimentary Rocks form (make sure to include weathering, erosion, sediment, deposition, uplift, strata, compaction, and cementation.
Sedimentary Rocks form when uplift exposes rocks to weathering. The weathering of the rock creates sediment that gets transported by erosion and then deposited in layers or strata. These layers will create pressure and compact together/cement together.
Explain why our fossil record is incomplete.
Not all fossils have been found, some evidence has been erased, and also not everything will turn into a fossil.