Igneous Rocks
This can cool and harden and form igneous rock.
What is magma or lava?
These are little pieces of rocks, pebbles, mineral grains, and shell fragments that eventually form rocks.
What are sediments?
Metamorphic rocks form as a direct result of
Heat and pressure causing changes in existing rock
Name 2 types of weathering
Chemical & physical weathering
Which of the following properties of minerals is most useful in mineral identification?
Hardness
This kind of igneous rock is formed when magma cools beneath the Earth's surface.
What is Intrusive igneous rock?
List 4 processes in the rock cycle that form sedimentary rock
precipitation
deposition
burial
compaction
cementation
Define foliated
a layered or banded appearance that is produced by exposure to heat and directed pressure.
Define weathering
The breakdown of rocks into smaller pieces
Which property of the mineral diamond allows diamond powder to be used to shape gems for jewelry?
Hardness
This type of igneous rock forms when lava cools on the Earth's surface.
What is Extrusive igneous rock?
What do most igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rock have in common?
They are composed mostly of minerals.
What happens to crystals in high degree of metamorphism
re-crystalization
Define erosion
The process by which water, ice, wind or gravity moves pieces of rock and soil. When rock is weathered (broken into smaller and smaller pieces), these pieces are often carried away by water, wind or ice.
Which mineral has a different color in its powdered form than its original form?
Pyrite
This type of igneous rock is black with a glassy texture. We looked at it in class.
What is obsidian?
For an Igneous rock to become a sedimentary rock, what needs to happen?
What is weathering, erosion, compaction, and cementation?
List two metamorphic rocks from the reference table that are foliated
slate
phyllite
schist
Gneiss
In which climate would the chemical weathering of limestone occur most rapidly?
Warm and humid
The hardest mineral.
What is a diamond?
This determines the size of crystals that form in igneous rocks.
What is the cooling rate of the magma or lava?
what sedimentary rock can have the same chemical composition as a metamorphic rock from the reference table
bituminous coal - sed.
anthracite - Met
Name 4 ways people use rocks
What is buildings, walls, roads, jewelry, decoration, countertops?
What is the main difference between chemical and physical weathering?
Chemical weathering alters the composition of minerals, and physical weathering does not.
The 5 ways to test the properties of a mineral.
What is luster, streak, hardness, color and cleavage or fracture