The Earth and its Geosphere
The outermost and thinnest layer of the Earth. It is lightweight.
What is the crust?
The most abundant type of minerals
What are silicate minerals?
Type of rock when the sediments come from the erosion of other rocks
what is detrital rocks?
Liquid rocks or minerals may be called _______
What is molten rock?
This is what it takes for a rock to undergo metamorphism?
What is if the temperature and pressure of a rock is different than the environment in which the rock is formed, the rock undergoes metamorphism?
The middle layer of the Earth that consists of denser rocks
What is the mantle?
These minerals do not have silicate in their composition
What are non-silicate minerals?
The process of compaction and cementation forms.
What is sedimentary rock?
Rock that is found inside a volcano is most likely make from this type of molten rock
What is magma?
Pressure causes these rocks to build up in parallel layers
What is foliated rocks?
The innermost layover the Earth with high density.
What is the core?
These are three ways to identify minerals.
What are...
- surface color
- lusture
- crystal habit
- hardness
- cleavage
- salty taste
- magnetism
- birefringence
What is sedimentary rock composed of?
When magma rises to the surface, it becomes ____
What is lava?
These rocks have a uniform appearance, like marble.
What are non-foliated rocks?
The crust and the uppermost part of the mantle form this.
What is the lithosphere?
Solid, organic, defined chemical composition, natural origin, and crystalline structure are characteristics of this
What are minerals?
This type of rock is formed from dead trees and plants (also known as fossils)
What is coal?
This is how igneous rock forms.
What is when magma cools and solidifies?
This is how metamorphic rocks are formed.
What is these rocks are formed by an increase pressure and/or temperature in the Earth's crust?
The oceanic lithosphere is denser and thinner than this other lithosphere.
What is the continental lithosphere?
This rock, that makes up the geosphere, has three types of minerals.
What is granite?
This is where sedimentary rocks form.
What is at or near the Earth's surface?
Fine-grained igneous rocks (without cystals) form when magma cools at this type of speed. Why?
What is quickly? This is because the less time it has to cool, the less time crystals have to form.
These are rocks that can become metamorphic rocks.
What are sedimentary and igneous?