Vocabulary
forms when rock is changed by heat, pressure, or chemical reaction.
metamorphic rocks
What does organic mean?
natural
What are 3 types of rocks?
forms when small particles or rocks or the remains of plants and animals are pressed and cemented together.
sedimentary rock
Weathering and erosion that wear away mountains and produce sediment form what type of rocks?
sedimentary
small, solid pieces of material that come from rocks or living things.
sediment
How are minerals formed from magma and lava?
Hot magma from the Earth's interior cools higher up in the crust, or lava cools and hardens on the surface.
How are rocks described?
mineral composition, color, texture, origin (how was it formed?)
the repeating pattern of a minerals particles that form a solid
crystal
When oceanic plates move apart, magma moves upward and fills the gap. This creates what type of rock?
igneous
rock that forms from cooled magma or lava.
igneous rock
What is one way minerals can form from solutions? There are 3 possible answers
1. the sun causes liquid to evaporate and leave behind the minerals that were in the water.
2. water that is under pressure beneath the Earth's surface can pick up elements and compounds from surrounding rock. They leave the water solution through precipitation.
3. a solution of water is heated by energy from the Earth's interior and eventually cools underground.
These rocks have many layers that have been cemented together over time.
sedimentary
slow and steady force that wears away at the Earth's surfaces creating new shapes and forms.
weathering
The collision of tectonic plates push rocks down deep beneath the surface where heat and pressure change them into what type of rock?
metamorphic
the series of processes that occur on the Earth's surface and in the crust and mantle that slowly change rocks from one kind to another.
rock cycle
what are 8 properties of minerals
color, streak, luster, hardness, density, crystal structure, cleavage or fracture, special properties
What are 2 ways that metamorphic rocks are formed?
1. the Earth's plates push rock deeper toward the hotter mantel changing the rocks to metamorphic.
2. plates collide bury rocks deep beneath the earth, the pressure can change chemically change the rocks.
the process by which atoms are arranged to form a material that has a crystal structure.
crystallization
The rocks cycle is driven by?
plate tectonics (plates in the lithosphere slowly moving) As the plates move they carry continents and ocean floors with it.
a naturally occurring solid that can from by inorganic processes and has a crystal structure.
Mineral
what are 5 characteristics of minerals?
How does the flow of energy in the earth cause rocks to form?
heat from the sun and the Earth's interior are responsible for the formation of igneous and metamorphic rocks.
erosion
How does the flow of energy in the rock cycle turn granite to sandstone to quartzite?
Granite formed under the earth's surface is pushed to the surface over time. Weathering and erosion break down into pieces that are carried away into rivers and oceans. They are slowly cemented together causing sandstone. Over time it is buried and pressure causes it to form quartzite.