Minerals
A solid inorganic substance that is naturally formed in nature
Mineral
A mixture of different minerals, volcanic glass, organic matter, and or some other materials
Rock
The powdered form of a mineral
Streak
Shows how rocks are formed and how they change
The Rock Cycle
Living or once living things
Organic Matter
Atoms in a mineral are arranged in an orderly pattern that repeats over and over again
Crystal Structure
Rocks formed when sediment is compacted and cemented together
Sedimentary Rock
A mineral’s shininess
Luster
In order for rocks to become sediments, they must be exposed to _____________, _____________ and ____________.
Weathering, Erosion, and Deposition
The outermost layer of the Earth
The Crust
The most valuable kind of mineral
Gem
Rocks formed under intense heat and pressure, under the surface of earth
Metamorphic Rock
The tendency of a mineral to break into flat sheets
Cleavage
In order to become an Igneous Rock, other rocks must be _____________ and then _______________
Melted, Cooled
Earth’s largest layer of very hot, gooey molten rock, that circulates in convection currents moving the crust
The Mantle
A mineral that contains a useful substance, must be processed to remove the useful material
Ore
Rocks that form from cooling magma, that grow slowly beneath the surface and have large mineral grains
Intrusive Igneous Rock
The tendency of a mineral to break into jagged, rough pieces
Fracture
In order to become Metamorphic Rock, other rocks must be exposed to ___________ and ___________.
Heat and Pressure
Layer of molten iron and nickel that give earth its magnetic field
Outer Core
Minerals that contain silicon and oxygen, usually located in earth’s crust.
Silicates
Rocks that result from quickly cooling lava at Earth’s surface and have small mineral grains
Extrusive Igneous Rocks
A measure of how easily a mineral can be scratched
Hardness
In order to become Sedimentary Rock, sediment must be ____________ and _____________.
Compacted and Cemented
Solid iron and nickel with high temperature and under an incredible amount of pressure
Inner Core