Rock Formation
What does compaction mean?
when rocks and squeezed together
What are the three types of rocks?
Igneous, Metamorphic, and Sedimentary
A fracture is a....
crack in a rough surface on a mineral
A rock is made up of...
Two or more minerals
What is the softest mineral?
Talc
what does cementation mean?
When rocks and cemented or fused together
Igneous rocks form by...
lava cooling on the earth's surface
The streak test measures...
the color of the powder that a mineral leaves behind
an inorganic substances
One substance
What is the hardest mineral?
Diamond
What can be found in sedimentary rocks?
Fossils
Sedimentary rocks form by...
rock sediments layering on top of one another and cementing together
What do scientists use to measure the hardness of a mineral?
Moh's Scale
What is one difference between rocks and minerals?
Rocks have to be made up of more than one minerals; they also have three types of rocks; minerals have more than three kinds - made up of one substance
What minerals can be scratched with copper?
Calcite, Gypsum, Talc
Explain how sedimentary rocks can turn into igneous rocks?
Metamorphic rocks form by...
heat and pressure changing the rock under the earth's surface
What are three properties of minerals? Explain what each one means
Solubility - ability to dissolve in a solution
Color - what the mineral looks like outside
Fracture- crack in rough surface
Cleavage- crack in smooth surface
Streak- color of powder of mineral
Hardness - how easy is it to scratch a mineral
What is one similarity between rocks and minerals?
They both contain minerals
What minerals can be scratched by a knife?
Apatite (5) and lower (Flourite, Calcite, Gypsum, and Talc)
How can an igneous rocks be turned into a sedimentary rock?
Igneous rocks are cooled lava on earth's surface, weathering and erosion breaks away the rocks and moves them to a different location; the rocks are consistently deposited into one location over time, thus forming sedimentary rocks
Explain how erosion and deposition help create sedimentary rocks?
Erosion is when weather breaks down the rocks and moves them to a different location; deposition is when rocks settle in one place; sedimentary rocks form by layering on top of one another
What is diaphaneity mean?
A mineral's ability to let light through it
What is the difference between a crystal and a mineral?
A crystal is mineral with a single structure pattern
A mineral has multiple structure pattern
What are the ten minerals on the Mohs Scale in order?
Talc, Gypsum, Calcite, Flourite, Apatite, Feldspar, Quartz, Topaz, Corundum, and Diamond