occurs when hot magma pushes through existing rock and changes the structure and composition of the surrounding rock. The original minerals may form larger crystals.
What is Contact Metamorphism
100
* Rock is broken down into smaller pieces of the same material.
* No change in the composition.
What is mechanical weathering?
100
Rock formed from other rocks (igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic) as a result of intense heat (from magma) and pressure (plate tectonics).
What is Metamorphic?
200
Obsidian and pumice are examples to these types of rocks.
What are extrusive rocks?
200
Most sedimentary rocks form in this location.
What is under the water?
200
Occurs when tectonic plates push against each other causing heat and pressure that chemically changes the minerals in the rock (most metamorphic is formed this way).
What is Regional Metamorphism?
200
water seeps into cracks in rocks, then
freezes - expands - melts - refreezes
What is ice wedging?
200
Formed from processes such as Compaction, Cementation, Precipitation and Evaporation.
What is sedimentary
300
The most common minerals on earth.
What are silicates
300
Sediments are pushed together and as a result, water and air are squeezed out.
What is compaction?
300
Pressure flattens the mineral crystals and pushes them into parallel bands.
Minerals with different densities separate into different bands
What is Foliated Metamorphic Rock?
300
Rock’s minerals are changed into different substances
change in composition and appearance
Magma and lava respectively different in this way.
Magma is liquid rock under the surface of the earth and lava is liquid rock above the surface of the earth.
400
Formed from fragments of other rocks which have been weathered and eroded.
What are sedimentary clastic rocks?
400
No visible parallel bands
EX. Quartzite, marble
What is Nonfoliated Metamorphic Rocks?
400
Chemical reaction of oxygen + minerals (occurs in rocks with iron)
What is oxidation?
400
Clastic, Chemical and Organic
What is sedimentary?
500
Rocks that are rich in Fe and Mg and have under 45% silica.
What are ultramafic rocks?
500
Formed from minerals that were once dissolved in water.
What are chemical sedimentary rocks?
500
Weathering and Erosion– create sediment
Deposition and Bedding – sediment is deposited
Heat and pressure – transform parent rock
Foliation – minerals pushed into bands
Melting – turns material into magma/lava
What is rock cycle?
500
Amount of rock surface exposed: faster weathering with
more surface area
Climate: Rainfall, alternating freeze/thaw cycles