Igneous Rocks
Intrusive or extrusive: Form as magma cools and hardens
Intrusive
How are metamorphic rocks formed?
Heat and pressure
What is the five step process that results in a sedimentary rock?
Weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
How do rocks become magma?
By melting
What is a rock?
A mixture of one or more minerals or organic matter.
Intrusive or extrusive: Small crystals and fine grained
Extrusive
What is the name for the banded strips of minerals that are found within some metamorphic rocks?
Foliation
What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?
Clastic
Chemical
Organic
How do igneous rocks form?
By melted magma or lava that has cooled and hardened.
Weathering, erosion, or deposition:
A piece of sediment is carried by a glacier.
Erosion
What is the difference between magma and lava?
What causes some metamorphic rocks to become foliated?
The pressure applied to the rock causes the minerals to align in a band(line) formation.
True or false: In clastic sedimentary rock, the rock gets its classification from the size of the clasts, or sediment.
True
How do metamorphic rocks form?
Through heat and pressure
What is the difference between uplift and subsidence?
Uplift is the rising of parts of Earth's crust to higher elevations, while subsidence is the sinking or lowering of Earth's crust to lower elevations.
Why are the crystals and grains in extrusive igneous rocks smaller than the crystals and grains in intrusive igneous rocks?
Extrusive igneous rocks cool faster so there is less time for the crystals and grains to grow larger.
True or false: The same rock the undergo metamorphism multiple times and become a new rock each time.
True
How do chemical sedimentary rocks form?
As water evaporates, the minerals that were dissolved in the water join together and crystallize.
How do sedimentary rocks form? (not including chemical or organic)
Weathering, erosion, deposition, compaction, cementation
How does a metamorphic rock change into an igneous rock?
It melts, cools, and hardens.
What is one similarity between intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks
They are formed when molten material cools (lava or magma)
They have crystals
They have grains
Found near / in volcanoes
What does the word metamorphism mean?
The changing of a rock by heat and pressure.
Why is coal considered an organic sedimentary rock?
It is made up of the remains of buried plants combined with sediment.
I am a rock that was formed by heat and pressure, and I have bands of minerals within me. What type of rock am I?
Foliated metamorphic
Name one difference between a mineral and a rock.
Minerals are inorganic, rocks are organic
Minerals always have a crystalline structure, rocks do not always have a crystalline structure
Minerals make up rocks, but rocks do not make up minerals
There are two main classifications of minerals (silicate and nonsilicate), there are three main classification of rocks (igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic)