Vocabulary
Rocks
Fossils
The Rock Cycle
Miscellaneous
100
What is lava?
magma that has once flowed out the vent of a volcano
100

What are the three types of rocks?

igneous, sedimentary, metamorphic

100

What are fossils?

the remains or evidence of living things preserved in rock

100
What is the process by which rocks can change into another kind of rock called?
the rock cycle
100

What is made up of very small pieces of rock mixed with decaying plants and animals?

soil

200

What do we call huge masses of ice that move?

glaciers

200
How does igneous rock form?
by cooling lava or magma
200
Give an example of an actual part of an animal or plant that has been mineralized.
bones, teeth, shells, leaves
200
What are two ways rocks can change?
weathering and heat or pressure
200

Name 4 properties of rocks.

color, weight, hardness, luster, texture, size, shape, crystals, layers

300

What is weathering?

when rock crumbles and breaks down into smaller pieces

300
Give an example of each type of rock.
I-granite, obsidian, pumice, basalt S-limestone, conglomerate, shale, sandstone M-marble, gneiss, schist, slate
300
In what kind of rock would you find many fossils?
sedimentary rock
300
If rocks do not disappear, what happens to them?
They are recycled
300

How do geologists categorize rocks?

by how they form

400

What are minerals?

the chemicals that make up rocks

400
How do metamorphic rocks form?
by heat or pressure inside the earth
400
Give an example of a sign that an animal or plant lived long ago.
leaf prints, animal tracks, body outlines, grooves made by tiny fish
400
What would we call a rock before it was called metamorphic?
igneous or sedimentary
400

What do geologists learn from fossils?

They learn about Earth's history.

500
What do we call it when the forces of water, wind, and ice move boulders, rocks, and sand?
erosion
500
How do sedimentary rocks form?
sediment hardens into rock at the bottom of oceans when water is squeezed out
500
What are some other interesting ways animals have been fossilized?
in amber, frozen, in tar pits
500

Name two things that can happen to change an igneous rock.

weathering and erosion would make it sedimentary and heat or pressure would make it metamorphic

500

How do sediments become sedimentary rock?

the sediments are pressed and cemented together

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