How one type of rock can be changed into another form of rock
100
What are the two major subgroups of sedimentary rocks?
Clastic and non-clastic
100
What are the two subgroups of igneous rocks?
Intrusive or plutonic, and extrusive or volcanic
100
What are the two subgroups of metamorphic rocks?
Foliated and non-foliated
100
Observing the way a mineral breaks helps to determine which property?
Cleavage and fracture
200
These processes form metamorphic rock.
Heat and pressure
200
In what direction are sedimentary rock layers deposited?
Horizontally
200
Pumice is an igneous rock formed from cooling ________.
Lava
200
Gneiss is a ______________ metamorphic rock.
Foliated
200
What is streak?
The color of the powdered form of the mineral.
300
These processes for clastic metamorphic rocks
Compaction and cementation
300
Why are sedimentary rocks the only type of rock that fossils are usually found in?
Fossils would be destroyed from melting or heat and pressure, whereas sediment deposition can preserve a fossil
300
Extrusive rocks cool ___________.
Quickly
300
The parent rock of marble is _____________.
Limestone
300
If a mineral from the Moh's Hardness Scale can scratch feldspar but not topaz, what mineral is it?
Quartz
400
These processes form igneous rocks
Cooling and crystalization
400
What is the difference between conglomerate and breccia?
Conglomerate contains rounded grains and breccia contains angular grains
400
What characteristic of igneous rocks provides the best evidence of the environment of formation?
Texture
400
What is the difference between contact and regional metamorphism?
Contact metamorphism occurs at high heat and low pressure in areas adjacent to a magma chamber or intrusion. Regional metamorphism occurs under high pressure deep within the earh over a very large are.
400
What are two unique properties of calcite?
Double refraction and reaction to acids
500
Rocks are classified into three groups based on their _________.
Origin, or environment of formation.
500
What are two examples of organic sedimentary rocks?
Limestone and coal
500
How do mafic and felsic rocks differ?
Mafic rocks contain iron and magnesium and are dark in color, felsic rocks contain quartz and feldspar and are light in color.
500
When sandstone is metamorphosed what rock will form?
Quartzite
500
What are the five characteristics that make up a mineral?
Solid, inorganic, naturally occurring, chemical compositions that is fixed, crystalline structure.