Classifying Rocks
A natural, solid mixture of minerals or particles is called this.
What is a rock?
Igneous rock that formed from magma and cooled very slowly UNDERNEATH the earth's surface is called this.
What is Intrusive igneous rock?
These small pieces or particles make up sedimentary rock. They can be other rocks or plant and animal organisms.
What are Sediments?
Metamorphic rocks are created by these two primary agents.
What are extreme heat and pressure?
Geologists classify rocks into these 3 major groups.
What are igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks?
The type of rock that forms from magma or lava cooling is termed this.
What is igneous rock?
This type of rock is formed from lava ON the earth's surface.
What is Extrusive igneous rock?
The process that squeezes out fluids and decreases the space between the grains in a sediment deposit is called this.
What is Compaction?
These types of rocks can become metamorphic rocks.
What are igneous, sedimentary, and other metamorphic rocks?
A rock transforms into sediment by this process.
What is Weathering?
Part of earths crust that is approximately 4-7 miles thick and is the youngest type of rock
What is oceanic crust/rock?
This igneous rock is a common countertop material in your kitchen.
What is Granite?
The crystallization of minerals from water into the spaces between sediment grains that makes sedimentary rocks stick together is called this.
What is Cementation?
This occurs when magma comes in contact with existing rock and starts to melt the rocks initial properties
What is Contact metamorphism?
Prior to becoming igneous rock, this process must occur to any rock.
What is Melting?
Part of earth crust that is 19-25 miles thick and consists of igneous, metamorphic, and sedimentary rock
What is continental crust/rock?
This type of extrusive igneous rock is black with a glassy texture.
What is obsidian?
A geological process in which sediments, soil, and rocks are added to a landform or landmass.
What is Deposition?
This January birthstone is a dark ruby-colored metamorphic gemstone.
What is Garnet?
The process in which sediment is taken AWAY by streams, rain, wind, or human processes.
What is Erosion?
The series of processes that change one type of rock into another type of rock is called this.
What is the rock cycle?
This igneous rock is very light and can float in water. It also has holes due to the release of gases and is used as an abrasive. It is commonly used to scrub dead skin off feet and is a common beauty product.
What is pumice?
This shows any trace of past life trapped in sedimentary rock.
What is a Fossil?
This typically happens when rocks are deep underground and they are subjected to massive pressure — so much so that they often become elongated, destroying the original features.
What is regional metamorphism?
The cause of chemical weathering which combines the element oxygen with other elements or molecules is called this.
What is oxidation?