Name that Rock
This rock forms when lava cools very quickly, which prevents crystals from growing. Because of this rapid cooling, the rock has a smooth, glassy texture and a shiny surface that looks like glass. It is usually black, but it can also appear dark brown, green, or even have a rainbow-like sheen.
Obsidian Rock - Igneous
Igneous rocks form when ____________________ or ____________________ cools and hardens.
Magma or Lava
Over time, these sediments become rocks through ____________________ and ____________________.
Compaction and Cementation
Metamorphic rocks form when other rocks are changed by ____________________, ____________________, or ____________________.
Heat, Pressure or Chemical Processes
Minerals
This rock forms from layers of sand that are pressed and cemented together over a long period of time. Because of how it forms, the rock has a rough, gritty texture that feels like sandpaper. It is usually tan, brown, red, or yellow in color, depending on the minerals it contains. The layers in the rock often appear as visible bands or stripes. Its grainy texture and layered look come from the way sand particles are compacted and cemented together
Sandstone - Sedimentary Rock
What are the two types of igneous rocks?
Extrusive & Intrusive
Sedimentary rocks form when ____________________ (bits of rock, shell, or plant material) settle in ____________________.
Sediments.... Layers
These rocks usually form ____________________ underground.
Deep
The process that shows how rocks change from one type to another is called the ____________________.
The Rock Cycle
This rock forms when other rocks, such as granite or shale, are changed by intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth. Because of this process, the rock has a banded or striped appearance with alternating light and dark mineral layers. It often looks sparkly due to the presence of minerals like mica. The texture is coarse and rough, and the minerals are arranged in visible layers. Its banded pattern and crystalline texture come from the heat and pressure that realign and separate the minerals
Gneiss - Metamorphic Rock
Intrusive rocks cool ____________________ and have ____________________ crystals.
Slowly..... Large
What are the three types of sedimentary rocks?
Clastic.... Organic.... Chemical
What does the word “metamorphic” mean? ____________________.
Changed Form
What three types of rocks make up the rock cycle?
Igneous, Metamorphic, Sedimentary
This rock forms when limestone is exposed to intense heat and pressure deep within the Earth. Because of this process, the rock becomes smooth and crystalline in texture. It is usually white, but it can also be pink, green, or gray depending on the minerals present. The surface often appears shiny or sparkly because of its interlocking crystals. Its smooth texture and crystal-like appearance come from the way heat and pressure change the original limestone
Marble - Metamorphic Rock
Extrusive rocks cool ____________________ and have ____________________ or no crystals.
Quickly...... Small
Organic Sedimentary Rocks are....
made from living things
These rock have bands or layers
Foliated
Sediment..... Sedimetary Rocks
This rock forms when lava cools quickly on or near the Earth's surface after a volcanic eruption. Because of this fast cooling, the rock has very small crystals that are often too tiny to see. It usually has a dark gray to black color and a smooth, dense texture. Sometimes small holes or bubbles can be seen where gas escaped as the lava cooled. Its dark color and fine texture come from the rapid cooling of lava..... What type of Igneous rock is it?
Extrusive Igneous Rock - Basalt
Magma cools ____________________ the Earth’s surface, while lava cools ____________________ the surface.
Below..... On
This type is formed when minerals crystallize from water
Chemical
These rocks have NO visible layers
Non-foliated
Metamorphic → melts into ____________________ → cools to form ____________________ rocks
Magma...... Igneous Rocks