Rocks
What is the hardest known mineral.
Diamond.
Name the two types of igneous rocks.
Intrusive and Extrusive
Definition of Sediment.
Particles of rocks and minerals created by weathering.
Recall two factors which are needed to form metamorphic rocks.
Heat and pressure.
Define weathering.
Weathering is the breaking down of rocks and minerals.
List the four common properties of rocks.
Colour: Layers: Grains/Crystals: Airholes
State where intrusive rocks are formed.
They form slowly beneath the Earth's surface.
Name the three different types of sedimentary rocks.
Clastic, Biological and Chemical.
Name the two types of metamorphic rocks.
Foliated and Non-foliated.
List the three types of weathering.
Physical, Chemical and Biological.
Define Lustre.
The shininess of the surface of a mineral.
Explain how igneous rocks are formed.
They form when magma and lava from volcanic eruptions cool and solidify.
Explain how sedimentary rocks are formed.
They are formed when loose particles are pressed together by the weight of sediments.
Explain how metamorphic rocks are formed.
They form when other types of rocks are changed by heat and pressure inside the Earth.
Define erosion.
Erosion is the movement of sediment from one area to another.
Does the quick cooling of extrusive igneous rocks form large crystals? Explain.
No, the lava cooling quickly forms rocks with small or no crystals.
Describe how chemical sedimentary rocks are formed.
When water evaporates leaving a solid substance behind.
Describe what a foliated metamorphic rock would look like.
It would have banded layers or thin sheets.
Biological weathering.
What is the Earth's inner core made of?
Solid iron and nickel.
Explain how are intrusive igneous rocks different from extrusive igneous rocks.
Intrusive rocks form from magma beneath the Earth’s surface and extrusive rocks form from lava above the Earth’s surface.
How are clastic sedimentary rocks different from biological sedimentary rocks?
Clastic rocks are formed by the fragments of pre-existing rocks. Biological rocks are made from the remains of once living organisms.
Describe what a non-foliated metamorphic rock would look like.
It would be uniform in colour.
Explain the difference between weathering and erosion.
Weathering is the process of breaking down rocks, while erosion is the process of moving those broken-down pieces to a new location.